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Conceptualization of Accountability

APRM AND ACCOUNTABILITY OF THE AIDS RESPONSE ECA/UNDP PRESENTATION ON ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISM FOR ACCELERATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIV/AIDS Related COMMITMENTS Dr. Marie- Goretti Harakeye Head of Division of AIDS, TB, Malaria and Other Infectious Diseases, African Union Commission.

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Conceptualization of Accountability

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  1. APRM AND ACCOUNTABILITY OF THE AIDS RESPONSEECA/UNDP PRESENTATION ON ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISM FOR ACCELERATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIV/AIDS Related COMMITMENTSDr. Marie-Goretti HarakeyeHead of Division of AIDS, TB, Malaria and Other Infectious Diseases, African Union Commission

  2. Conceptualization of Accountability • Monitoring and evaluation are inherently incapable of forcing action on commitments that have been implemented or on the programmes or projects that have not begun in the first place.. • M& E can also neither encourage action nor compel implementation of HIV/AIDS commitments. • Accountability is a better instrument for that. • APRM should be an effective instrument to support monitoring of effectiveness of HIV/AIDS programmes and projects and their impact.

  3. Conceptualization of Accountability (2) Generally, for any mechanism to serve as an accountability instrument with regards to HIV/AIDS, it must meet three minimum conditions: • It must push the country to own the epidemic (take responsibility for the epidemic, acknowledge its impact and take steps to halt/reverse it. • It must induce the country to know the epidemic (nature, behavior, trajectory) • It must motivate the country to govern the epidemic

  4. Why accountability instrument to accelerate the implementation of commitments? • HIV/AIDS, TB and malaria have usually features at high-level political forum, attracting various commitments and declarations. Between 1987 and 2007, the international community made about 57 such HIV/AIDS commitments, 23 of them by African leaders (table annexed), addressing almost every conceivable aspects of the pandemic. • Therefore, it is important to see how African countries can address the gaps and improve on implementation towards desirable outcomes. • Theses gaps are not from a lack of M&E or reporting but the implementation can be enhanced through a mechanism that involves M&E plus Accountability.

  5. Why accountability instrument to accelerate the implementation of commitments? • APRM deals with the problem of HIV/AIDS both directly and indirectly in the key documents and declarations in the conduct or implementation of the mechanism, in the post-review process and implementation of the Program of Action • APRM addresses HIV/AIDS in a fairly comprehensive manner and in particular the governance dimension in its structure and process the process can strength accountability and governance to fight HIV/AIDS.

  6. APRM can compel a country to own, know and govern HIV/AIDS • APRM not only monitors and evaluates the extent to which commitments are implemented, it also provides the opportunity for policy makers and ordinary citizens to hold each other accountable • Need for a Desk review of rule-based indicators (in APRM documents) and outcome-based indicators (determining whether APRM can accelerate implementation of HIV/AIDS commitments).

  7. Case study of South Africa: Keys findings (ECA) • The APRM CRM shows deeper challenges: • South Africa admits that majority has no access to quality health care inspite of legal provisions • APRM CRM identified critical areas needing government attention, especially treatment and protection of women and children: • APRM CRM found a high rate of rape and other forms of violent abuse of women • APRM CRM also found a high level of violence against children, especially girls. • IT worked! South Africa response to the APRM CRM report • SA has since taken steps to mitigate these situations, including implementation more vigorously its existing laws and conventions

  8. RECOMMANDATIONS • Political commitment at the highest level is needed for a rigorous and useful review exercise • African countries and their leaders stand accountable for actions and policies that could lead to the achievement of the targets • Holding every country accountable, setting up ambitions targets which reflect the need to massively scaling up HIV, prevent, treatment, care and support to move as close as possible to universal access • It is also important to improve stakeholder participation in the review process. • ( civil society, private sector)

  9. RECOMMANDATIONS(2) There is effectively a need of accelerating the implementation of HIV/AIDS commitments. • The review process is costly, there is a need for a support of the partners to support APRM to really hold governments and other stakeholders accountable • The Abuja call and Maputo indicators, the AU Roadmap indicators, should serve to monitor the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS programmes in Africa • AWA should work together with APRM to implement and enhance the existent accountability framework, to advocate for adhesion of all African countries to the principle of own, know and govern the epidemic.

  10. What’s needed now is enhancing Accountability for the AIDS Response

  11. THANK YOU!

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