Properties of Water Vocab 3 (12 words)

1. Properties of Water Vocab 3(12 words) Adhesion – the tendency of water to stick to other substances Buoyancy – the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object that is immersed in the fluid Cohesion – the attractive force between water molecules Density – the measure of mass of a substance per unit volume Polarity – uneven distribution of charges across a molecule Specific Heat – the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius

2. Properties of Water Vocab 3Continued Surface Tension – the force that acts on the particles at the surface of a material Universal Solvent – the quality of water that makes it able to dissolve more substances that any other solvent can Absorbency – the ability to take in a material Capillary Action – the process that moves water through a narrow porous material due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension. Against Gravity Insoluble – not soluble Soluble – having the ability to be dissolved in another substance

3. Water Cycle Vocab 10 Condensation – the process of warm air cooling as it rises and releasing moisture in the form of a liquid Evaporation – the process by which a liquid is changed into a vapor Groundwater – water located below Earth’s surface Hydrosphere – the portion of the Earth that contains water Precipitation – the rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls from clouds onto the Earth’s land and oceans Surface Water – water found on the surface of the Earth Transpiration – water vapor given off by plant photosynthesis Water Cycle – the continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean

4. River Basin Vocab 13 Tributaries: streams and smaller rivers that feed into a main/large river Watershed: an area of land that drains water to the lowest point—a river, stream, lake, or ocean. Several Watersheds make up a River Basin River Basin: an area of land that drains water into a large river

5. Wetlands and Estuaries Vocab 19 Wetland An area where the water table is at, near or above the land surface long enough during the year to support adapted plant growth Estuary is a body of water, partially enclosed by land, where fresh water from a river mixes with salt water from the ocean. Brackish -means partly fresh and partly salty. Marine- lives in the ocean Aquatic – lives in the water Other words of importance: Nursery Erosion Salt Marsh Mangrove Forest Biodiversity Sediment Pollutant Nutrients Pesticides

6. Ocean Vocab pg20-22 Plankton Nekton Benthos Thermocline Salinity Desalination Upwelling Hydrothermal Vents Open Ocean Zone Neritic Zone Intertidal Zone Sunlight or Photic Zone Technology SCUBA Sonar Submersibles (ALVIN)

7. Water Filtration Vocabulary • Runoff – is precipitation that flows over land into streams and rivers. This water later enters oceans. • Filtration – process of passing water through a series of screens that allow water through but not large particles • Aeration – The water is mixed to liberate dissolved gases and to suspended particles in water column. • Coagulation – The process by which particles in a liquid clump together • Sedimentation – The water left undisturbed to allow the heavy clumps of particles and coagulants to settle out • Disinfection – The water is treated to destroy any remaining disease causing pathogens

8. Groundwater Notes 25 Groundwater – water that soaks in the ground & collects in rocky pores (pores – space between rocks) Permeable – allows water to flow easily through (ex: sandstone) Impermeable – Doesn’t allow water to move through b/c of small, few or no pores (ex: clay) Aquifer – layer of permeable rock that lets water move freely

9. Water Filtration Vocab 28 Turbidity: measure of the degree to which water looses its transparency due to the presence of suspended particulates pH: the acidity of the water (presence of hydrogen ion) 07 is acidic 7 is neutral 714 is basic Dissolved Oxygen: the oxygen dissolved in the water Temperature: measure of average kinetic energy Nitrates: compound that contains the nitrogen based polyatomic Bio-indicators: macroinvertibrates found living in water (they tend to remain in one place) that are sensitive to pollution ion NO3