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Surface water monitoring in Latvia – general aspects Normunds Kadiķis , Public Health Agency

Surface water monitoring in Latvia – general aspects Normunds Kadiķis , Public Health Agency. Institutions involved in surface water monitoring in Latvia. Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Agency (LEGMA)

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Surface water monitoring in Latvia – general aspects Normunds Kadiķis , Public Health Agency

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  1. Surface water monitoring in Latvia – general aspects Normunds Kadiķis, Public Health Agency

  2. Institutions involved in surface water monitoring in Latvia • Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Agency (LEGMA) • Performance and/or coordination of monitoring of ecological quality of rivers, lakes and marine water and priority fish waters as well • Public Health Agency (PHA) • Performance of monitoring of bathing waters

  3. Why we need to carry out surface water quality monitoring?Legal basis: • National legislation; • EU legislation: - WFD 60/2000/EEC, - Fish directive 78/659/EEC, - Nitrates directive 91/676/EEC, - Dangerous substances directive 76/464/EEC, Directive on environmental quality standards in the field ofwater policy and amending Directive 2000/60/EC (project) - Decision of Information exchange 77/795/EEC; - Bathing water directive76/160/EEC (2006/7/EC) • Conventions (Helsinki Conv. on BS, Helsinki Conv. on Transboundary waters, Geneva CLRTAP). 76/160/EEC

  4. Main responsibilities of LEGMA and PHA in surface water quality monitoring • Development and implementation of the programmes for monitoring of water status within each river basin district; • Development of budget proposals for the implementation of the monitoring programmes; • Co-ordination and arrangement of implementation of the monitoring programmes; • Maintanance of data bases • National and international reporting on results of monitoring

  5. Short history of surface water monitoring in Latvia • Hydrology monitoring dates back to 1920s; • Surface water quality monitoring in selected sites started in 1946; • Enlarged surface water quality monitoring programm started in the 1980s; • New water monitoring program according to requirements of WFD is launched in 2006 (anticipated for 2006-2008).

  6. General surface water quality monitoring until 2005 (I) • ~99 water quality monitoring sites in Latvia, very limited amount of lakes; • Basic physico-chemical parameters, Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, K+, HCO3-, S/SO4+2, Cl-, hardness, suspended solids, Si, Fe+3, BOD5, TOC, N/NH4+, N/NO2-, N/NO3-, Ntot, P/PO4+3, Ptot, Cu+2, Pb+2, Zn+2, Cd+2, Ni+2, As+3, Hg+2, oil hydrocarbons, surface active substances, microbiology, chlorophyll, phytoplankton, zoobenthos, zooplankton, macrophytes; • Frequency of sampling: • 10 times per year for chemical parameters in rivers (in selected sites – 12 times) and 4 times per year in lakes • 2 -6 times per year for dangerous substances • 1 to several times during the year for biological elements

  7. General surface water quality monitoring until 2005 (II) • Until late 90-ties a bit more dangerous substances, including pesticides, monitored; • Very restricted amount of sediments sampled and analyzed in 80-ties and 90-ties; • Stations since late 90-ties classified according to EIONET suggestions: flux stations, impact stations, representative stations...

  8. Why there was the need to revise water monitoring program? • According to WFD water bodies as primary water management units must be nominated; • Information on ecological quality status must be obtained; • Risk assessment not to achieve at least good water ecological quality status until 2015 must be performed; • Information on water bodies` ecological quality are prerequisite for establishment of management plans.

  9. Today 4 river basin districts and 469 inland water bodies + 6 coastal and 1 transitional water body nominated in Latvia

  10. New general surface water quality monitoring 2006-2008 (I) • Stations classified according to WFD as: • surveillance monitoring stations, • operational monitoring stations (but probably must be revised) • investigative monitoring stationswill be selected acc. to assessment from the first round; • Generally, the same parameters as before but zooplankton excluded; • Very different picture with respect to certain parameters in different stations: some parameters` monitoring increased significantly but some (for example, main ions) very decreased;

  11. New general surface water quality monitoring 2006-2008 (II) • Frequency of sampling: • generally,1 time per year for biological parameters(even for phytoplankton and chlorophyll a in lakes); • 3-12 times per year for microbiological parameters and chemical parameters; • 4 -6 times per year for dangerous substances; • Macrophytes will be monitored 1 time every 3 years.

  12. Types of monitoring stations in Latvian surface water bodies 2006 - 2008

  13. Monitoring of biological elements

  14. Monitoring of nutrients` parameters 276 249 143 99

  15. Ecological quality of rivers` waterbodies (I) 6 rivers` types • Small potamal / small ritral • Medium potamal / medium ritral • Large potamal / large ritral < 100 km2 < 0,2 m/s > 0,2 m/s 100 -1000 km2 > 1000 km2

  16. Ecological quality of rivers` waterbodies (II) Preliminary quality criteria(small ritral river)

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