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Chemistry Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding

Objectives:. Explain why most atoms form chemical bonds.Describe all aspects which define a covalent bond.Identify the number of bonds an atom can form given the number of valence electrons. Review:. What makes an atom neutral?Transfer of electrons?Unequal sharing of electrons?All atoms want wh

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Chemistry Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding

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    1. Chemistry Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding Section 6.2a & 6.2b Covalent Bonds

    2. Objectives: Explain why most atoms form chemical bonds. Describe all aspects which define a covalent bond. Identify the number of bonds an atom can form given the number of valence electrons

    3. Review: What makes an atom neutral? Transfer of electrons? Unequal sharing of electrons? All atoms want what? What e- are involved in bonding? A more e-neg element would be partial ___?

    4. Review: What do you know about covalent bonding? Sharing of electrons Can be equal or unequal sharing

    5. Covalent Bonds: Sharing of Electrons Can be polar or non-polar covalent. Occurs between two NON-METALS!!!

    8. Molecule: Two or more atoms bonded together. A molecule is NEUTRAL!!! Ex: O2, H2O, C6H12O6

    12. Molecular Formulas: Shows What kind? How many? Ex: H2O

    13. Diatomic Molecules: A molecule of only two atoms. Some elements on the periodic table, do not exist alone in nature, so they bond with themselves. H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I Formulas: H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 Start at 7, make a 7, use 7 elements.

    14. Why would atoms bother transferring or sharing electrons from their valence shell?

    15. Atomic Utopia! CHEMICAL STABILITY! A full outer energy level! A full valence shell! A complete OCTET!!!

    16. The OCTET RULE!!! Atoms will gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have a full outermost energy level. 8 electrons in valence shell

    17. Is it possible to have more than 8 electrons in the valence shell?

    18. YES However, you will not have to worry about that in this course.

    19. Exceptions to the Octet Rule: Hydrogen – completes 1st energy level with 2 electrons. Boron – can only make 3 bonds (6 electrons total in valence)

    20. Multiple Bonds: Covalent Compounds can have the following types of bonds: Single Bonds Double Bonds Triple Bonds

    21. Bond Length: The average distance between two bonded atoms.

    22. Bond Energy: The energy needed to make or break a bond.

    23. Polyatomic Ions: 2 or more nonmetals bonded together CHARGED! NOT NEUTRAL! FORM COMPOUNDS WITH OPPOSITE CHARGED IONS!!!

    24. PO4-3

    25. SO4-2

    26. Flashcard: Ionic = ? Sharing = ? List the Diatomic elements What is the octet rule? Two or more ________ make a covalent bond. What are the two exceptions to the octet rule?

    27. Flashcard: Two or more atoms bonded together make a ___? Covalent compound is the same as a ____ Two or more nonmetals bonded, with a charge, is a _______ _______

    28. QUIZ THURSDAY!!! Section 6.1 Notes: Types of Bonds Section 6.3a Notes: Ionic Bonding Section 6.2 and 6.3 Notes: Covalent Bonding (Multiple Bonds and Polyatomic Ions)

    29. Identify the following as an ionic bond, covalent bond, or polyatomic ion: CO3-2 CCl4 Na2SO3 BaO CO2 NO3-1 NH3 NH4+1 SiS2 Fe2O3

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