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New Voices and New Ideas

New Voices and New Ideas. Out With the Old…. People had tried both the Liberals and the Conservatives with little change in their situation This led to the development of new provincial and regional parties These included Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)

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New Voices and New Ideas

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  1. New Voices and New Ideas

  2. Out With the Old… • People had tried both the Liberals and the Conservatives with little change in their situation • This led to the development of new provincial and regional parties • These included • Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) • Social Credit Party (Socreds) • Union Nationale

  3. The CCF • The CCF formed in Regina in 1933 under the leadership of J.S. Woodsworth • It drew its support mostly from drought stricken Saskatchewan • The Party’s guiding principles were outlined in the Regina Manifesto • The name inspired a “Red Scare” but the CCF was committed to democratic socialism • Socialism without a violent overthrow of the existing powers

  4. The CCF • It also received support from labour unions and workers • They became recognized as the representative of the working man • The CCF platform included • increased social spending • Publicly controlled financial intuitions • Centralized economic planning • Uniform public health services

  5. The CCF • The goal of the CCF was to stimulate the economy through social spending • The CCF was the first party to practice reform liberalism • Reform Liberalism • Allows state intervention • Creates an environment that enhanced opportunities for individuals • Removed “intolerable” inequities in society • Did not trust in the market place

  6. The CCF • The CCF enjoyed its most success provincially • The CCF was a major factor in Ontario, Manitoba, and British Columbia • In Saskatchewan the CCF was elected to a majority government under Tommy Douglas • Douglas introduced a revolutionary health plan in Saskatchewan in 1946 that provided health care to everyone regardless of economic status

  7. The CCF • In 1961 the CCF abandoned some of the more radical beliefs of the party and changed their name to the New Democratic Party of Canada • Although the CCF/NDP has never been elected federally, it has been dubbed “the conscience of the House of Commons” • Many CCF/NDP policies are now parts of the Liberal and Conservative Party platforms

  8. Social Credit • The Alberta Social Credit movement was formed in order to combat the socialist tendencies of the CCF • The first Socred government was formed in Alberta under “Bible” Bill Aberhart • Instead of taking control of the economy the Socreds planned to stimulate a market economy • They did this by paying a cash dividend ($25)to every citizen of the province each month

  9. Social Credit • The Socreds held power in Alberta until 1971 under Aberhart, Manning (Preston’s father), and Strom • The Social Credit party’s system was effective but most of their platform was considered unconstitutional

  10. Union Nationale • Another regional party emerged in Quebec under Maurice Duplessis • Duplessis blamed “aliens” for the problems in Quebec • By alien he meant the English minority

  11. Union Nationale • Duplessis ran Quebec like a dictator and remained in power from 1936-1959 with a break from 1939-1944 • Duplessis hated unions and used force against strikers • He used the power of the government to hinder his political rivals

  12. Union Nationale • The Padlock Law (1937) made it possible for the Provincial Attorney-General to padlock the premise of any “subversive” organization • “subversive” was liberally interpreted by Duplessis • Duplessis encouraged Quebec nationalism and set himself up as the defender of French rights in a hostile country

  13. Union Nationale • Duplessis did manage to increase American investment in Quebec despite his anti-English views

  14. Overview • The Depression led to a switch from classic liberalism to reform liberalism • Regional parties emerged in provincial politics • New ideas helped to combat the depression • The national identity forged by Macdonald, Laurier, and Borden began to break down

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