Kingdom Protista

1. Kingdom Protista Chapter 20

2. What is a protist? • any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote. • Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Protists • Eukaryotic – HAVE A NUCLEUS • Mostly unicellular • Heterotrophic or autotrophic • Aquatic or moist habitats

3. Animal-like Protists - Protozoans • Heterotrophic • feed on bacteria, organic matter, other protozoans, and fungi

4. Grouped according to movement • Sarcodines – move by pseudopod • “false feet” • Ciliates – move with cilia • Tiny hair-like projections • Zooflagellates – move by flagella • Long whip-like structure • Sporozoans - parasitic

5. Plant-like Protists Autotrophic – carry out photosynthesis

6. Phytoplankton (small, unicellular algae found near the surface of bodies of water) • produce about 75% of the Earth’s oxygen • Basis of most aquatic food chains

7. Dinoflagellates • Red tides – increased nutrients cause protists to grow out of control • Some species produce a strong nerve toxin that gets into shellfish and can harm you if you eat it.

8. Diatoms • cell walls made of silicon • used to make toothpaste abrasive and road paint

9. Algae • used in sushi, ice cream, agar, deodorant, hair conditioner, salad dressing, pudding

10. Fungus-like protists • decomposers, have cell walls, and reproduce by spores • slime molds, water molds, and mildew • Attack potatoes, cabbage, and corn • The Great Hunger was caused by this group of protists

11. Diseases cause by Sporozoans: • Plasmodium—carried by Anopholesmosquito • causes malaria • Trypanosoma—carried by the tsetse fly • causes African sleeping sickness • Giardia, Entamoeba, Cryptosporidium • causesamoebic dysentery

12. Toxoplasmagondii • Causes toxoplasmosis, can be contracted from an infected cat or poorly cooked meat. Harmful to a developing fetus.