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Lesson #2: Menstruation and fertilization

This lesson focuses on the phases of the menstrual cycle and the process of human fertilization. It outlines the four phases of menstruation: the breakdown of the uterine lining (days 1-4), its rebuilding (days 5-13), ovulation (day 14), and maintenance of the lining (days 15-28). The lesson also covers the role of semen in fertilization, emphasizing its protective and nourishing functions for sperm cells during their journey through the female reproductive system.

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Lesson #2: Menstruation and fertilization

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  1. Lesson #2: Menstruation and fertilization Objectives: Draw, label and explain the menstrual cycle. Explain how and when human fertilization occurs

  2. Menstruation: Phase 1 (day 1-4) Lining breaks down: Body realizes that there is no baby and progesterone decreases, causing the uterine lining to disintegrate (menstruation) Phase 2 (day 5-13) Lining builds up: Estrogen causes the lining of uterus to build up. Phase 3 (day 14) Ovulation: Egg is released from the ovaries and begins to travel down the fallopian tubes. Phase 4 (day 15- 28) Lining is maintained: Progesterone keeps the uterus lining healthy and intact, waiting to see if the egg is fertilized.

  3. Fertilization Semen: 1) Provides a watery environment in which the sperm cells can swim while outside the body. 2) Provides nutrients for the sperm cells (fructose, amino acids and vitamin C) 3)Protects the sperm cells by neutralizing acids in the female's sexual tract

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