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Investigating Osmosis: Effects of Salt and Sugar Solutions on Plant Tissue Mass

The practical aims to investigate the impact of varying concentrations of salt or sugar solutions on the mass of plant tissue through the process of osmosis. Students will utilize appropriate apparatus and techniques to observe osmosis, measure water uptake rates, and develop key skills in hypothesis creation, experimental planning, data analysis, and graphical presentation. The method involves testing different sugar solution concentrations on potato pieces, recording measurements, calculating percentage mass changes, and ensuring safety during the experiment.

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Investigating Osmosis: Effects of Salt and Sugar Solutions on Plant Tissue Mass

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  1. • Investigate the effect of a range of concentrations of salt or sugar solutions on the mass of plant tissue. Apparatus and techniques In doing this practical students should cover these parts of the apparatus and techniques requirements. Biology AT 1 – use appropriate apparatus to record mass and time. Biology AT 3 – use appropriate apparatus and techniques to observe and measure the process of osmosis. Biology AT 5 – measure the rate of osmosis by water uptake. Key opportunities for skills development In doing this practical there are key opportunities for students to develop the following skills. WS 2.1 – use the theory of osmosis to create hypotheses on plant tissue. WS 2.2 – plan experiments to test hypotheses. WS 2.4 – have due regard for accuracy of measurements and health and safety WS 2.6 – make and record observations and measurements of mass. WS 2.7 – evaluate the method and suggest possible improvements and further investigations. WS 3.1 – present observations and other data in graphical form. WS 3.2 – translate mass data into graphical form. MS 1a, 1c – use simple compound measures of rate of water uptake. MS 1c – use percentiles and calculate percentage gain and loss of mass of plant tissue. MS 2b – find mean mass of plant tissue. MS 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d – plot, draw and interpret appropriate graphs.

  2. KS4 Science FOUNDATION/HIGHER Topic: B1 Cell Biology Lesson 11 What you should have already completed: • LSQ • Date written on page

  3. By the end of this lesson…. • Investigate the effect of a range of concentrations of salt or sugar solutions on the mass of plant tissue. TITLE: REQUIRED PRACTICAL - Osmosis

  4. Osmosis…recap Only lets some types of particles through. E.g water Osmosis = The movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution. A dilute solution of sugar contains lots of water and a small amount of sugar (a _______ concentration). A concentrated solution of sugar contains a small amount of water and a large amount of sugar (a high concentration.)

  5. Osmosis…recap

  6. The practical… A student investigated the effect of different concentrations of sugar solution on pieces of potato. This is the method used. 1. Cut three pieces of potato to the same length. 2. Dry each piece on a paper towel. 3. Weigh each piece. 4. Place each piece in a different concentration of sugar solution. 5. Leave all three pieces for 2 hours. 6. Remove the three pieces of potato from the solutions. 7. Dry each piece on a paper towel. 8. Measure the length and mass of each piece of potato.

  7. Hypothesis… • A statement you are going to test. • Potatoes have sugar in them……so…. The lower the concentration of the sugar solution the _________ the potato will increase in mass.

  8. Method map…

  9. Method map… Cut three pieces of potato to the same length. Dry each piece on a paper towel.

  10. Method map… Weigh each piece. Cut three pieces of potato to the same length. Record weights in results table. Dry each piece on a paper towel.

  11. Method map… 0.0 0.4 0.8 Weigh each piece. Cut three pieces of potato to the same length. Place each piece in a different concentration of sugar solution. Leave all three pieces for 2 hours. Record weights in results table. Dry each piece on a paper towel.

  12. Method map… 0.0 0.4 0.8 Weigh each piece. Cut three pieces of potato to the same length. Place each piece in a different concentration of sugar solution. Leave all three pieces for 2 hours. Remove the three pieces of potato from the solutions. Dry each piece on a paper towel. Record weights in results table. Dry each piece on a paper towel.

  13. Method map…2ndline Measure the mass of each piece of potato. Record results in the results table.

  14. Method map…2ndline HIGHER HIGHER: Calculate the percentage (%) change in mass of each piece. Measure the mass of each piece of potato. Record results in the results table.

  15. Method map…2ndline HIGHER: Calculate the percentage (%) change in mass of each piece. Measure the mass of each piece of potato. Record results in the results table. Health and safety: Do not cut the potato cylinders towards your hand. Care must be taken when using the scalpel. Wear eye protection when using chemical solutions.

  16. Method map…2ndline 0.0g 0.00g HIGHER: Calculate the percentage (%) change in mass of each piece. How do you increase the accuracy of your measurements? Measure the mass of each piece of potato. Record results in the results table. Health and safety: Do not cut the potato cylinders towards your hand. Care must be taken when using the scalpel. Wear eye protection when using chemical solutions.

  17. Task - So what were our variables? • Independent variable – what was DIFFERENT each time? • Dependent variable – what did we MEASURE each time? • Control variables – what did we keep the SAME each time.

  18. Tick or correct in GREEN pen - So what were our variables? • Independent variable – what was DIFFERENT each time? The concentration of the sugar solutions • Dependent variable – what did we MEASURE each time? The change in mass of the potato cylinders • Control variables – what did we keep the SAME each time. The length of the potato cylinders

  19. Results and conclusion… Concentration of sugar solution in mol/dm3 0.0 0.4 0.8 Change in mass (g) +0.40 +0.01 −0.15 The lower the concentration of the sugar solution the _________ the potato will increase in mass.

  20. Results and conclusion…HIGHER Concentration of sugar solution in mol/dm3 0.0 0.4 0.8 Percentage (%) change in mass +24 +1 −15 The lower the concentration of the sugar solution the _________ the potato will increase in mass.

  21. Evaluation… • How could I make this better next time? Repeat the experiment 3 times and calculate an average % change of the potato in each solution.

  22. Exam Q…F 1. Use graphs

  23. Exam Q…F 1. Use graphs

  24. Tick or correct in GREEN pen…

  25. Tick or correct in GREEN pen…

  26. Exam Q…H 1. Use graphs

  27. Exam Q…H 1. Use graphs

  28. Tick or correct in GREEN pen…

  29. Tick or correct in GREEN pen…

  30. KS4 Science FOUNDATION/HIGHER Teacher: Miss Bate Topic: B1 Cell Biology Lesson 11 What you should now complete: • Exit Ticket

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