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Preliminary Results of Study on Mandatory HIV Testing for Employment of Migrant Workers in 8 countries of SE Asia: An

Migration

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Preliminary Results of Study on Mandatory HIV Testing for Employment of Migrant Workers in 8 countries of SE Asia: An

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    1. Preliminary Results of Study on Mandatory HIV Testing for Employment of Migrant Workers in 8 countries of SE Asia: An analysis of National Law & International Practice Dr. Nenette Motus, Regional Migration Health Manager, IOM Ema Naito, Technical Officer, HIV/AIDS, ILO SRO-Bangkok Joint WHO/UNICEF/UNAIDS consultation on scaling up HIV testing & counselling in Asia & the Pacific 2 June 2007, Phnom Penh

    2. Migration & HIV/AIDS International Migration Trends 190.6 M migrants worldwide (2005 estimate, UN Population Division) 90 M of whom are estimated to be economically active (ILO) Represents approximately 3% of world population (IOM WMR 2005) 48-50% are women Almost all countries today are influenced by international migration

    3. Migration & HIV/AIDS Regional Migration Trends Driven by disparities in development, demographics & globalization Increased disparity in levels of development between countries Labour & social-economic disparities

    4. Migration & HIV/AIDS Key challenges Migrant workers when separated from spouses/family ? more vulnerable to risky behaviour ? higher risk of STIs, incl. HIV, & in the case of women, rape & unwanted pregnancies (Estrella-Gust, 2001) Low priority given to personal health/safety Lack of access to information/prevention, RH services, care, treatment & support

    5. Migration & HIV/AIDS Key challenges (cont’d) Uncertain legal status ? lack of legal protection & more vulnerable to abuse & exploitation Marginalization, stigma & discrimination Migrants are unaware of legal & human rights and/or may not be able to enforce them Conflict between labour & health policies

    6. Migration & HIV/AIDS HIV-related travel restriction is imposed by certain states to: Protect public health Avoid excessive demands on health care/social services However, mandatory testing has no public health value (WHO, UNAIDS) Costly Discriminatory Can undermine PH efforts at HIV prevention/care

    7. Migration & HIV/AIDS Migrants contribute to national revenue, labour supply, cultural diversity Increased longevity with improved treatment ? increasingly difficult to be certain that migrants with HIV & AIDS are a “burden” Yet, practice of HIV testing for migrant workers is wide-spread (limited data available)

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