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Emission Controls

Explore how tighter emission limits are driving environmental controls by governments to combat pollution. Learn about the origins of emission regulations, the composition of air, fuel components, combustion processes, smog formation factors like ground-level ozone, pollutants like CO, and the importance of emissions testing using centralized or remote methods in different regions.

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Emission Controls

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  1. Emission Controls

  2. The Driving Force • Tighter limits on emissions are the main driving force of emission controls • The government is making them do it • The government had no limits on vehicle pollution until the Clean Air Act took effect in the late 1960’s

  3. Air is made up of : • 21%O2 • 78%N • 1% other gasses (mostly argon)

  4. Fuel is primarily made up of : • Hydrocarbons (HC)

  5. Perfect combustion • HC, O2, N2 in • Heat, H2O, CO2 and N2 out

  6. Imperfect combustion • Adds HC, CO, NOx and O2 to exhaust

  7. Smog, what is it? • Ground level ozone - O3 • Three ingredients; HC, NOx and sunlight • CO is a pollutant all by itself

  8. State emissions testing • Attainment areas vs. non-attainment areas • Ozone and/or CO • Centralized vs. non-centralized testing

  9. Remote sensing devices • Similar to photo radar • Used in California / Colorado

  10. THE END

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