Environmental Studies Midterm Review- Trashketball Part 2

1. Environmental Studies Midterm Review-Trashketball Part 2

2. The gradual process of change and replacement of the types of species in a community is called _____. • Pollution • succession • pioneer species • climax community

3. Succession that occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed is called _____ succession. • Secondary • fire • pond • primary

4. Organisms that can live on a surface where no organisms have ever lived are called _____. • Aliens • climax species • pioneer species • consumer species

5. When primary succession occurs, the first change in the ecosystem is the formation of _____. • Autotrophs • water • dirt • air

6. Which of the following is correctly arranged from the lowest trophic level to the highest? • Bacteria, frog, eagle, mushroom • Algae, deer, wolf, hawk • grass, mouse, snake, eagle • grass, bass, minnow, snake

7. Communities of bacteria have been found thousands of feet underwater. Which of the following statements is a good conclusion about the bacteria? • Somehow they are conducting photosynthesis • They are living on borrowed time • they were somehow introduced by humans • they use an energy source other than sunlight

8. Which of the following pairs of organisms probably belong to the same trophic level? • Humans/ bears • bears/ deer • humans/ cows • both (a) and (c)

9. Energy lost between trophic levels _____. • Can be captured only by parasitic organisms • Cools the surrounding environment • is used in the course of normal living • evaporates in the atmosphere

10. Which biome contains the most species? • chaparral • taiga • tundra • tropical rain forest

11. The tundra is most suitable to a vertebrate that _____. • requires nesting sites in tall trees • has a green outer skin for camouflage • is cold-blooded • can migrate hundreds of kilometers each summer

12. A biome that has a large amount of rainfall, high temperature, and poor soil is a _____. • temperate woodland • temperate rain forest • tropical rain forest • savanna

13. The two main factors that determine where organisms live are __________. • soil type/ precipitation • temperature/ precipitation • altitude/ precipitation • temperature/ latitude

14. What do we call the distance north or south of the equator and is measured in degrees? • altitude • longitude • latitude • space

15. The height above sea level is called _____. • Altitude • Longitude • latitude • space

16. An adaptation used by trees in a tropical rain forest is to have _____. • thorns • small leaves • buttresses • deep roots

17. Most of the nutrients in a tropical rain forest are located in the _____. • air • soil • plants • water

18. Which biome has the greatest diversity? • taiga • temperate rain forest • chaparral • tropical rain forest

19. Temperate rain forests have more nutrients in the soil than tropical rain forests because ________. • more sunlight • less sunlight • higher temperatures • lower temperatures

20. Logging is a big threat to temperate rain forests. It creates the second big threat which is _____. • over fishing • slash and burn farming • air pollution • silting of water sources

21. A typical tree in the taiga is shaped ____________. • with a large shade area • pointed with wax coated needles • round with thorns • wide at the top

22. The biggest threat to the taiga is _____. • over fishing • oil exploration • farming • ecotourism

23. Most grasslands require ______ to fertilize the soil. • floods • fire • wind storms • big animal scat

24. The animals that inhabit a savanna are usually ____________________. • many species with few of each species • many species with many of each species • few species with many individuals from the species • few species with few if each species

25. Many of the smaller grassland animals have adapted to living in _____. • trees • scrubs with thorns • burrows • rivers

26. A major threat to grasslands is ____________. • oil exploration • over fishing • floods • farming

27. A property of water is buoyancy which means _____. • it holds water together • the push of water on a submerged object • water can absorb a lot of heat • water has two side that are oppositely charged

28. The area near the shore at the top of the water that receives sunlight and includes plants is called the _____ zone. • Lentic • Littoral • Benthic • Lotic

29. One of the general types of freshwater ecosystems includes flowing bodies of water and they are called _____ zones. • Lentic • Littoral • Benthic • Lotic

30. The bottom of the lake is called the _____ zone. • Lentic • Littoral • Benthic • Lotic

31. The area in between the two main zones where the temperature decrease rapidly is called a(n) _____. • thermocline • hypolimnion • epilimnion • profundal

32. Lakes can be identified by their age. Newly formed lakes with deep steep banks and a low primary production are called _____ lakes. • Mesotrophic • Oligotrophic • Grande • Eutrophic

33. Water that does not sink into the soil is called _____. • watershed • surface water • puddles • runoff

34. Surface water that ends up running into a stream is called _____. • watershed • surface water • puddles • runoff

35. The land area that contributes runoff sediment and dissolved substances to a stream is called a(n) _____. • watershed • surface water • puddles • runoff

36. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the benthic zone? • low oxygen • dark • cold • high diversity

37. Mangrove swamps or forests are found in _______ climates. • tropical • temperate • sub temperate • sub arctic

38. Salt marshes are found in _____ climates. • tropical • temperate • sub temperate • sub arctic

39. Mangrove seeds are unique because they ____ while still on the tree. • grow trunks • have leaves • germinate • grow fruit

40. SC salt marshes consist mainly of _____ plants. • water oaks • mangrove • palmetto • Spartinaalterniflora

41. The part of the ocean that forms a shallow sea bed surrounding a continent is called the _____. • continental shelf • intertidal zone • coral reef zone • abyssal zone

42. That part of the coast that is submerged at high tide and exposed at low tide is called the _____. • continental shelf • intertidal zone • coral reef zone • abyssal zone

43. The bottom of the ocean is called the _____. • continental shelf • intertidal zone • coral reef zone • abyssal zone

44. The number of individuals of the same species that live in a given area is called a _____. • niche • population • symbiosis • habitat

45. The unique position occupied by a species in an ecosystem or the species job is called a _____. • carrying capacity • habitat • growth rate • niche

46. When the number of births is the same as the number of deaths in a population, this is called _____. • exponential growth • zero population growth • growth rate • carrying capacity

47. The relationship between two species in which both try to use the same resource is called ______. • predation • competition • parasitism • symbiosis

48. A relationship between two species in which one species, benefits and the other species is harmed but not killed is called _____ • predation • competition • parasitism • symbiosis

49. The ____ is the largest population that an environment can carry support at one time. • carrying capacity • exponential growth • zero population growth • reproductive potential

50. The increase in size of a population over a period of time is called the _____. • carrying capacity • exponential growth • zero population growth • reproductive potential