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What is SIDS?

Safe Slumber: Creating a Safe Sleep Environment Christy Schunn , LSCSW Executive Director SIDS Network of Kansas. What is SIDS?.

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What is SIDS?

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  1. Safe Slumber:Creating a Safe Sleep EnvironmentChristy Schunn, LSCSWExecutive Director SIDS Network of Kansas

  2. What is SIDS? • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is “the sudden death of an infant under one year of age which remains unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including: • performance of a complete autopsy, • examination of the death scene, and • review of the clinical history.” • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Willinger et al, 1991

  3. Introduction

  4. 2005 March of Dimes Peristats

  5. SIDS Mortality Rateby Race of Mother • Native American 145.7 • African American 113.5 • White 45.6 • Hispanic 27.1 • Asian 18.5 Mathews, Menacker, and MacDorman, 2003 from birth and infant death certificates. SIDS Network of Kansas

  6. Infants at Highest Risk for SIDS Babies who sleep on their tummies (5x greater risk) Babies put on their tummies to sleep who usually sleep on their backs (as much as 18x)

  7. Infants at HighestRisk for SIDS Mothers who smoke during pregnancy (3x greater risk) Babies who breathe secondhand smoke (2.5x greater risk)

  8. SIDS in Child CareRachel Y. Moon, MD, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C. Approximately 20% of SIDS deaths occurred while the infant was in the care of a nonparental caregiver. • 60% in family child care • 20% in child care centers

  9. SIDS in Child Care Rachel Y. Moon, MD, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C. Approximately 1/3 of SIDS-related deaths in child care occur in the first week, 1/2 of these on the first day. Something intrinsic to child care? No Unaccustomed tummy sleeping? Yes

  10. Facts about SIDS • When an infant seems to be healthy, but dies usually while sleeping, for no other reason, it is called Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). • Highest risk is at 2 to 4 months; 91% occur between 1 and 6 months of age. • SIDS is sometimes called “crib death.” • No one can predict which infants will die from SIDS. • There is no known prevention for SIDS.

  11. What we do know… • Infants who die of SIDS: • Do Not cry out • Do Not suffocate or choke • Do Not suffer

  12. SIDS is not: • Caused by spitting up, choking or smothering • Caused by child abuse/neglect • Contagious • Caused by immunizations • Caused by external suffocation • The cause of every unexpected infant death • Caused by co-sleeping

  13. Triple Risk SIDS Theory Hannah C. Kinney, Harvard Medical School, Boston

  14. Triple Risk SIDS Theory Hannah C. Kinney, Harvard Medical School, Boston Infant Physiologic Responses Arousal response deficit Subtle brainstem dysfunction Slow development Infant Physiologic Responses SIDS External Stress Factors Development • External Stress Factors • Sleep position • Bedding • Temperature • Season • Swaddling • Smoking • Drug use • Minor respiratory symptoms • Poverty • Limited prenatal care Development (autonomic nervous system) 2-4 months – most unstable 4-6 months – decreasing instability

  15. Method

  16. 1996 AAP SIDS Statement “Healthy term infants should sleep wholly on their back as the safest sleep position.” "Positioning and SIDS: Update,” Pediatrics, Vol. 98, No. 6, December 1996

  17. Anatomy when sleeping on stomach Revised - 0408

  18. Anatomy when supine Revised – 12/08

  19. We don’t recommend this…

  20. How to Create a Safe Sleep Environment • Place baby on his/her back to sleep • at nighttime and naptime • Place baby on a firm • tight-fitting mattress in • safety approved crib

  21. Creating Safe Sleep • If using a blanket, put baby with feet at the foot of the crib. Tuck a thin blanket around the crib mattress, reaching only as far as the baby's chest.

  22. Remove all fluffy andloose bedding from the sleep areaThese include:Pillows Quilts Comforters Sheepskins Stuffed toys Other soft products Sleeping Safely

  23. Unsafe Sleeping Environments

  24. Placed: Placed down on right side

  25. Found: Prone face/nose down

  26. Placed: Placed down on right side, head resting on right arm

  27. Found: Prone, head turned slightly to right

  28. Placed: down on left side with use of wedge

  29. Found: rolled forward & face down

  30. Safe Sleep • Make sure the baby's head remains uncovered during sleep. • There should one infant per crib.

  31. Safe Sleep Consider using a wearable sleeper or other sleep clothing as an alternative to blankets.

  32. Safe Sleep • Dress the baby in light sleep clothing • Keep the room at a temperature that is comfortable for an adult (68º-72º)

  33. Encourage the use of a fan to keep the room well ventilated.

  34. Encourage Breastfeeding

  35. No smoking around infants • Go outside to smoke • Wear an overcoat • Removed the overcoat upon return • Exposure to smoke in a room where babies sleep, is linked to an increased risk of SIDS.

  36. “Tummy Time” • Is needed to develop strong muscles • Is for babies who are awake and being observed • Offered 2 to 3 times a day and increase the amount as the baby becomes stronger.

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