Key Learnings from Chapters 6 and 7: Africa's History and Socioeconomic Changes

1. Bellringer What are three facts you have learned from Chapter 7? Put your Chapter 6 & 7 Notes in the tray Make sure everything is cleaned out of your Africa book and ready to trade-in tomorrow

2. Bellringer • What is something you have learned from your Africa book? • Get your Chapter 6 & 7 Notes in order, stapled, and name on them to turn in tomorrow before your test: • Chapter 6-1 (G.O.) • Chapter 7-1 (G. O.) • Chapter 7-2 (Fill in the Blank; 2 pages)

3. Chapter 6 & 7 Review

4. Why did the Ethiopian Christian Church develop in a unique way? • Ethiopian Christians were isolated from other Christians • Ethiopian Christians wanted to develop their own religion • Ethiopians encouraged Christians to convent to Judaism • Many Ethiopian Christians could not read Engish

5. The religions practiced by most Ethiopians today are • Traditional African religions and Christianity • Christianity and Islam • Judaism and Christianity • Buddhism and Islam

6. Because of Kenya’s geography and climate, the land there is suitable for • Manufacturing • Mining • Farming • Forestry

7. The former Ethiopian capital, Lalibela, is known for its • Industries • University • Royal palace • Underground stone churches

8. One important political change made by Tanzania’s new leaders was • Forming a dictatorship • Forming a monarchy • Starting a one-party system • Starting a multiparty system

9. Why did President Nyerere adopt Swahili as the national language for Tanzania? • So the people would keep their traditions • So the government wouldn’t be controlled by the military • So the country’s ethnic groups would be united • So the people would vote in every election

10. President Nyerere’s ujamaa program failed because many people • Didn’t have enough water • Refused to move to the new villages • Refused to work on family homesteads • Produced too many crops

11. One important change made by Tanzania's new leaders was • Ending the foreign debt • Adopting a new national language • Ending ujamaa, which caused a lot of conflict • Raising fewer cash crops

12. As Arabs took control of North and East Africa, some Ethiopians • Adopted Islam • Adopted Christianity • Resisted the Arabs • Took control of West Africa

13. In Kenyan villages, the women solve community problems by • Attending schools • Asking their extended families for help • Forming self-help groups • Asking the local government for help

14. Why do so many Kenyan women remain in the villages? • To farm the land • To attend colleges • to work in factories • to work in tourist hotels

15. How did apartheid laws affect South Africans? • Everyone paid higher taxes • White and black workers were united • Racial discrimination became legal • All South Africans could vote

16. What is one example of how harambee affects life in Kenya? • People place little value on family • People work together in villages to build schools • People leave Kenya to live in other countries • People refuse to help other villagers farm their land

17. After South Africa was unified, the white-led government passed laws that • Permitted black people to own good land • Kept land and wealth in white hands • Improved the living conditions of black citizens • Punished the British, French, and German settlers

18. Some of Congo’s most important natural resources include • Water, natural gas, and sugar • Copper, forests, and wildlife • Sugar, wheat, and cocoa • Forests, fruits, and vegetables

19. What happened after Congo’s economy collapsed? • The government raised taxes • The government cut spending • The government spent more money on health services • The government gave food to the poor people of the country

20. The Belgian rulers of Congo were mainly interested in the country’s • Resources • History • Language • Culture

21. Why did foreign companies help Mobutu take control of Congo? • To educate the children • To protect their businesses • To provide medical care for the people • To improve the transportation system

22. Under F. W. de Klerk, the South African government passed laws that ended • Black ownership of some land • Economic problems facing the country • Higher taxes in many poor villages • Legal discrimination on the basis of race

23. How did blacks in South Africa live under the apartheid system? • They attended the same schools as whites • They made economic advancements • They had almost no rights at all • They moved to cities and villages throughout the country

24. Who did South Africans elect as their new president after the end of apartheid? • Mobutu SeseSeko • Nelson Mandela • F. W. de Klerk • NomfundoMhlana

25. Why did the British battle with the Afrikaners over Afrikaner land in the late 1800s? • Because diamonds and gold were discovered there • Because the government collapsed • Because black Africans asked the British for help • Because copper was discovered there

26. Most of Congo’s wealth is produced by • Farming • Forestry • Mining • Manufacturing

27. Congo’s economy collapsed in the late 1970s because the price of copper • Went up and down • Increased • Stayed the same • Dropped sharply

28. Belgium ruled Congo in order to control the country’s • Manufacturing • Resources, including copper and diamonds • Forestry and water • Crops and wildlife

29. What did Mobutu do after he assumed power in Congo? • Improved the educational system • Held a general election • Nationalized foreign-owned industries • Established a multiparty political system

30. Which country was first to settle in South Africa? • Dutch • British • French • Germans

31. How many years did Nelson Mandela spend in jail? • 1 year • 17 years • 5 years • 28 years

32. What did other countries do to show their support against apartheid? • Bought more goods from South Africa • Stopped trading with South Africa • Passed laws for apartheid • Ignored the situation

33. Other Items to Know! • Make sure to study the review questions at the end of each section • Know the following locations of the African countries: • Kenya • South Africa • Egypt • Libya • Ethiopia