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The President

The President. Chapter 5. The President. The President is head of the executive branch. Explained in Article 2 of the Constitution. The President. Requirements: Native born Lived here for 14 years At least 35 years old. The President. Similar characteristics:

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The President

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  1. The President Chapter 5

  2. The President • The President is head of the executive branch. • Explained in Article 2 of the Constitution

  3. The President • Requirements: • Native born • Lived here for 14 years • At least 35 years old

  4. The President • Similar characteristics: • White (Jesse Jackson 88, Barack Obama 08) • Male (Geraldine Ferraro 84, Sarah Palin 08) • Protestant (John Kennedy 60) • British Ancestry (Barack Obama 08) • Attended College (George Washington)

  5. The President • Salary and Benefits: • 400,000 annual salary • 50,000 in expenses • 100,000 in travel • Other money for entertainment, house, medical care, Camp David retreat, personal staff

  6. The President • Terms of Office: • Two four year terms • 22nd Amendment • Also allows for the succession of the President • VP, Speaker, Pro Tempore, Sec’y of State, etc.

  7. Vice President • Requirements: • Native Born • Lived here for 14 years • Must be at least 35 years old • Not from the same state as the President

  8. Vice-President • Official Duties: • President of the Senate • Help make difficult decisions • Attend Cabinet meetings • Takes over if the President dies • 9 VP’s have taken over

  9. Vice President • Salaries and Benefits: • $198,600 salary • Free residence at the Naval Observatory • Personal Staff • Professional Staff

  10. Presidential Succession • Vice-President • Speaker of the House • President Pro Tempore • Secretary of State • Secretary of the Treasury • Secretary of Defense • Attorney General

  11. The terms of taking over… • The Vice President can be VP for unlimited amount of terms • However, if the President dies or resigns with… • LESS than two years left in term, the VP can be elected to TWO more terms • MORE than two years left in the term, the VP can be elected to ONE more term

  12. Roles of the President • Chief Executive • Chief Diplomat • Commander in Chief

  13. Chief Executive • Carry out the nation’s laws • Provisions of laws are determined by the President

  14. Chief Executive • Bureaucracy- a large network of individuals and agencies that make up the executive branch

  15. Chief Executive • Executive Orders: • Rule or command issued by the President that has the force of law • Usually done under times of crisis

  16. Chief Executive • Appointments • Picking people for certain jobs like Cabinet positions • President places people in charge who have like values so they will support and carry out his policies

  17. Chief Diplomat • President must deal with other countries • Two Powers: • Appoint Ambassadors • Make Treaties

  18. Chief Diplomat • Ambassadors: • Official representative of a country • There are about 150 American Ambassadors all over the world

  19. Chief Diplomat • Treaties: • Formal agreement between two or more countries • Approved with 2/3 vote of the Senate

  20. Chief Diplomat • Executive Agreement: • Agreement between the President and leader of another country • Senate does not have to approve it • Example- 1979 Iran hostage crisis

  21. Commander in Chief • Only the President can send troops into battle • Only Congress can declare war • War Powers Act- 1973 Congress MUST be notified when troops are sent and they have to be brought home after 60 days unless Congress gives an OK they can stay there • Korea, Vietnam, Iraq

  22. Other Roles of the President • Legislative Leader • Party Leader • Judicial Leader • Chief of State

  23. Legislative Leader • Five ways he can influence legislation: • Ask Congress to introduce a bill • Telephone members or invite to White House • Give a speech on TV- appeal to the public • State of the Union Address • Special sessions for urgent matters

  24. Party Leader • Puts the interests of the party first • Gives rewards and favors for people who help him (spoils system, patronage system) • Makes speeches and endorses candidates

  25. Judicial Leader • Appoints Justices to the Supreme Court whose views are similar to theirs

  26. Judicial Leader • Pardon- declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment for a person • Nixon and Ford

  27. Judicial Leader • Reprieve- delay a punishment until a higher court can rule on a case • TEMPORARY

  28. Judicial Leader • Amnesty- group pardon for violation of a federal law • George Washington and Whiskey Rebellion • Jimmy Carter and Vietnam avoiders

  29. Chief of State • Symbol of the US Government • Does things for the public • Invite people to the White House, entertainment, lighting the Christmas Tree, throwing out baseballs, Easter Egg Roll, attending funerals of leaders of other countries

  30. The Executive Office of the President (EOP) • The group at the top of the pyramid, the group of the President’s closest advisors, are called the administration • The EOP was created by Franklin Roosevelt in 1939

  31. EOP • Responsibilities: • Providing advise, help President do his job • Examples: • White House Office, Office of Management and Budget, National Security Council

  32. EOP • The White House Office: • Closets advisors • Gatekeeper to the President • Only the highest officials get to see the President The West Wing

  33. The White House Office • Chief of Staff: • Decides who is important enough to see President and sets the agenda for the day • Press Secretary: • Provides reporters with news and statements from the President

  34. Office of Management and Budget • Prepares the budget • How much money goes to what program or agency • Also decides where the money comes from such as taxes

  35. National Security Council • Deals with matters affecting the safety and security of the US • CIA- Central Intelligence Agency • Responsible for gathering information about other governments, undercover agents, informants, spies

  36. Other EOP offices • Policy Development: • Advises the President about farm issues, urban affairs, energy issues and interstate commerce

  37. Other EOP Offices • Council for Economic Affairs: • Advises the President about nation’s economy and helps with decisions about taxes, inflation and foreign trade

  38. The Cabinet • 15 Departments who carry out work of the Executive department • Each is responsible for a special section of government • President is NOT required to take their advise (Jimmy Carter)

  39. The Cabinet • Using page 248 fill out the Cabinet worksheet. • Give a brief description of each Cabinet office • In class we will go over agencies that make up each office.

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