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N2O Flux Study in Central Amazon: Sources, Sinks, and Trajectories

Analyzing N2O fluxes over Central Amazon, focusing on sources, sinks, and trajectories using advanced research methods. Investigating the impact of wet and dry seasons on N2O emissions. Drawing conclusions on forest contributions.

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N2O Flux Study in Central Amazon: Sources, Sinks, and Trajectories

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  1. Study of N2O Flux overCentral Amazon Monica Tais Siqueira D'Amelio (IPEN/LQA) (monicatais@yahoo.com) Luciana Vanni Gatti (IPEN/LQA) John Bharat Miller (NOAA/ESRL) Filipe Vaz (IPEN/LQA) Andrew Crottwell (NOAA/ESRL) Pieter Tans (NOAA/ESRL)

  2. N2O Sources and Sinks • N2O is the 3rd most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas. Life time: 120 years • Main sources: • Nitrification and denitrification in soils: 9-31 TgN2Oyr-1 • Ocean: 9-19 TgN2Oyr-1 • Agricultural soil: 19.5 TgN2Oyr-1 (77% of anthropogenic contribution) • Main sinks • Decomposition in stratosphere by photodissociation (90%) • Reactions with excited oxygen (10%).

  3. Measurement Sites Cuieiras Biological Reserve – Manaus - AM Tapajós National Forest – Santarém - PA

  4. Barbados (RPB) Ascension (ASC) Flux Calculation Miller et al., 2007 method “A Very Large Flux Chamber” FLOW MAN SAN Trajectories Study (Hysplit model)

  5. Back trajectories • Used to calculate time air has been over land at 8 altitudes. • Typically quite similar as a function of altitude.

  6. 2x105 ‘No’ Emissions Calculating the background Step 1. Chose SF6 like a tracer transport

  7. Calculating the background Step 2. Calculate NH and SH contribution RPB ASC

  8. Normalizing Profiles

  9. Profiles Normalized

  10. Normalized Integration of profiles

  11. “Santarém” Fluxes 2005 Wet season enhancement – probably related to agriculture WET DRY

  12. “Manaus” Fluxes WET DRY

  13. Summary and Comparison with other estimates • Comparison (mg N2O/m-2yr-1) • 1.9 – Primary Forest, Rondônia, Brazil (Garcia-Montiel, et al., 2004) • 0.38 – Primary Forest, Manaus, Brazil (Coolman, 1994) • 0.44 – Young Pasture, Manaus, Brazil (Coolman, 1994)

  14. Conclusions • The normalized profiles show a clear enhancement during wet season. • SAN fluxes were enhanced until 2005. In 2006 political programs decreased the N-fertilizer used in Para. • MAN fluxes are lower in 2006 for the same reason. • Fluxes calculated are similar other studies over near regions.

  15. Barbados (RPB) Ascension (ASC) Question: What is the Forest Contribution? Two Methods: 1. Subtracting fluxes FLOW MAN SAN 2. Use SAN as the background for MAN 3. Both methods: choose trajectories where air comes from SAN to MAN.

  16. Preliminary Results • Profiles considering: same trajectory, close date  Uncertainty is large, but little evidence for large emissions in forest between SAN and MAN.

  17. Conclusions • The normalized profiles show a clear enhancement during wet season. • SAN fluxes were enhanced until 2005. In 2006 political programs decreased the N-fertilizer used in Para. • MAN fluxes are lower in 2006 for the same reason. • Coast to SAN present higher fluxes than coast to MAN. • Fluxes calculated are similar other studies over near regions.

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