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Evolution of Missouri's Constitutions: 1820-1945

Explore the historical journey of Missouri's constitutions from 1820 to 1945, reflecting changing times and governance structures. Learn about key amendments, political powers, and separation of church and state in the state's constitutional history.

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Evolution of Missouri's Constitutions: 1820-1945

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  1. State Government The Missouri Constitution

  2. A State is Born • 10:58 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CdG_G5igOE&index=8&list=PLfx8hKQN2VuitYgrrWB1Vpcx5mBryP6gQ

  3. First Constitution • 1.When was Missouri’s first constitution written? • 1820 • 2.When did Missouri become a state? • August 10, 1821

  4. First Constitution • Established basic structure of the government • Three branches • Legislative • Executive • Judicial

  5. First Constitution • Executive Branch under first constitution: • Governor – elected • Lt. Governor – elected • All others appointed Alexander McNair

  6. First Constitution • 3. What do we call our legislative branch? • General Assembly • 4. How are legislators chosen? • Elected by popular vote • Two houses (bicameral) • Each county had 1 House Representative (60)

  7. First Constitution • Judicial Branch • Supreme Court • Circuit Courts • At this time, all state judges were appointed by governor for life

  8. First Constitution • Opposition to first constitution • Salary of Governor ($2K) • Life term of judges • Appointed executives • Under representation in the House

  9. 1865 Constitution • 5.In what year was Missouri’s second constitution written? • 1865 • Reflected Civil War hostility • Freed Slaves (before 13th) John Tyree

  10. 1865 Constitution • 6.What was the “Iron-Clad” loyalty oath? • Required people swear they had not supported the South during the war, or they could not hold public office or certain jobs • Public education

  11. 1875 Constitution • 7.When was our third constitution written? • 1875 • Longer than first two • Set aside 25% of state money for schools • Strengthened governor’s power

  12. 1945 Constitution • 8.When was the constitution we still use today written? • 1945 • Decided to rewrite rather than change the 1875 Constitution • 9.Who holds all political power in the state? • Power comes from the people

  13. 1945 Constitution • 10.How many articles are in the Missouri Constitution? • 13 Articles • 11.Where are amendments located in the state constitution? • They are placed within the articles

  14. Article I • BILL OF RIGHTS • 12. Where are the Bill of Rights located in the Missouri Constitution? • Article I • Adapted to “modern conditions”

  15. Article I • Rights beyond U.S. Constitution: • Rights for unions • Removed discriminations against women • Extended freedom of speech to radio • Rights for crime victims

  16. Article I • Separation of church & state; no state monies to churches • 13. What is the fact that the state cannot spend state money on churches known as? • Separation of church and state

  17. Article II • 14. What is the title of Article II? • DISTRIBUTION OF POWER • Set up 3 branches of state government: legislative, executive, judicial

  18. Article III • 15. What is the title of Article III? • LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT • 16. What two groups make up the General Assembly? • House of Representatives • Senate

  19. General Assembly • Two houses – bicameral • House of Representatives • Senate • 17. When do sessions begin in the General Assembly? • January

  20. Lawmakers Begin 2018 Legislative Session • 1:43 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-To1goqxxFA

  21. General Assembly • 18. What is the job (duty) of the General Assembly? • Make state laws • 19. The General Assembly is the equivalent of what on the federal level? • U.S. Congress

  22. Leadership Missouri Legislative Simulation • 1:43 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuxxaexpQpU

  23. General Assembly • Bills begin in either house • 20.What types of bills must begin in the House? • Appropriation bills • 21. Where is most of the work on bills completed? • Committees study bills • Simple majority to pass

  24. General Assembly • 2/3 vote to override governor’s veto • 22. How often are the governor’s vetoes overridden? • Seldom • No pocket veto

  25. Virtual Tour of the Capitol • 12:23 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJXGx2y2znk

  26. House of Reps. • 23. How many Missouri Representatives are there? • 163 • 24. What is the term length for representatives? • 2 year term

  27. House of Reps. • 25. What are the term limits for the Missouri House? • 8 years or 4 terms

  28. House of Reps. • 26. What are the Qualifications for the Missouri House? • 24 years old • Qualified voter in Missouri for 2 years • Resident of district 1 year

  29. House of Reps. • Leadership: • Speaker: Elijah Haahr • (R-134) • 27. Who is our state representative? • Rodger Reedy • (R-57)

  30. Rep. Rodger Reedy (R-57) & Speaker Elijah Haahr (R-134) Rodger Reedy Elijah Haahr

  31. Senate • 28. How many Missouri senators are there? • 34 • 29. Length of Missouri senator’s term? • Staggered 4 year term • Odd # districts elected in presidential election years

  32. Senate 2 of 6 2010 Election

  33. Current Districts

  34. Senate • 30. What are the term limits for a Missouri senator? • 8 years or 2 terms • 31. What can only the senate do? • Approve governor’s appointments • Filibuster

  35. Senate • 32. What are the qualifications for the Missouri senate? • 30 years old • Qualified Missouri voter for 3 years • Resident of district 1 year

  36. Senate • Leadership: • 33. Who is the President of the Senate? • Lt. Governor Mike Kehoe • 34. Who is the day-to-day leader of the Senate? • President Pro-tem • Dave Schatz (R-26) Mike Kehoe Dave Schatz

  37. Senate Our state senator 28th District Sandy Crawford

  38. Article IV • 35. What is the title of Article IV? • EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT • Governor • Succession • Lt. Governor • Secretary of State • Attorney General • Treasurer • Auditor

  39. Missouri Governor’s Mansion • 9:06 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEbCrs1nsjQ

  40. Governor • 36. How long is the term of the governor? • 4 year term • 37. How long is the term limit for governor? • 2 terms

  41. Governor • 38. Who is the chief executive officer of Missouri? • Governor • Appoints officials • Prepares budget

  42. Governor • 39. As judicial leader what can the governor do? • Grant pardons, reprieves, and commutes sentences • 40. When can the governor use the line-item veto? • On Appropriations bills

  43. Governor • 41. Who delivers the State of State address? • Governor • 42. Who can call extra sessions of the General Assembly? • Governor Mike Parson

  44. Governor • 43. What are the qualifications to be governor of Missouri? • 30 years old • U.S. Citizen 15 years • Live in state 10 years

  45. Governor • Mike Parson • Missouri’s 55th Governor

  46. Succession • 44. Name the first three offices in line for the governor’s office. • Lieutenant Governor • President Pro-tem of Senate • Speaker of the House • Secretary of State • State Auditor

  47. Lt. Governor • 45. What is the length of term for the Lt. Governor? • 4 year term, no limits • 46. What are the qualifications to be Lt. Governor? • 30 years old, U.S. Citizen for 15 years, live in MO 10 years Mike Kehoe

  48. Lt. Governor • 47. What are the responsibilities of the Lt. Governor? • President of Senate • Breaks ties in Senate • Acting governor when governor leaves the state

  49. Secretary of State • 48. What is the term length for the Secretary of State? • 4 year term, no limits • 49. What are the qualifications to be Secretary of State? • 25 years old, U.S. Citizen, live in state one year John (Jay) Ashcroft

  50. Secretary of State • 50. What are some of the responsibilities of the Secretary of State? • Keeps non-financial state records • Certifies elections • Keeps State Seal • Publishes “Missouri Blue Book”

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