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Sericultural development by Mr Christian FRESQUET International Sericultural Commission

Sericultural development by Mr Christian FRESQUET International Sericultural Commission Sericulture in the context of local and regional development November 10-13,2010 Experimental station «  Indio Hatuey  » CUBA. The International Sericultural Commission.

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Sericultural development by Mr Christian FRESQUET International Sericultural Commission

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  1. Sericulturaldevelopment by Mr Christian FRESQUET International Sericultural Commission Sericulture in the context of local and regionaldevelopment November 10-13,2010 Experimental station « IndioHatuey » CUBA Source : ISC

  2. The International Sericultural Commission • Intergovernmental organization created in 1960 • All main silk producer States are members but not China • Headquarters in the city of Lyon in France • Purpose : promotion of development of sericulture ( technical support, contacts, data collection, quarterly journal : SERICOLOGIA,…). Source : ISC

  3. The International Sericultural Commission • Secretary-general : Dr. Gérard CHAVANCY • Deputy secretary-general : Mr. Christian FRESQUET • Web site : inserco.org Source : ISC

  4. World rawsilk production in 2009 (withoutwildsilk) Source : ISC

  5. World rawsilk exportations and importations in 2009 ( withoutwildsilk) Source : ISC

  6. Price of 1 kg of rawsilk (grade : 3A , 20/22 deniers) • Exported from China : 60 US dollars (Nov. 2010) the price has increased by 80 % for one year. • Produced in India : 46 US dollars (May 2010) Source : ISC

  7. SomeIndian tropical varieties of mulberries • Irrigatedfields : . Victory 1 (65 tons of leaves/ha) . S 36 (40 t/ha) • Rainfedfields : . S 13 (13 t/ha) . S 34 (13 t/ha) Source : ISC

  8. Performance of someIndiansikwormsstrains for tropical conditions • Hybrids (polyvoltines x bivoltines) : . PM x CSR2 (shell ratio : 19 %) . ND7 x CSR2 (shell ratio : 21 %) • Bivoltines (bivoltines x bivoltines) : . CSR2 xCSR4 (shell ratio : 24 %) . CSR50 x CSR51 (shell ratio : 23.4 %) Source : ISC

  9. Production organization in India • Gobal coordination by the Central Silk Board • Public research and breeding ( 3 CSRTI, 1 CSTRI, NSSO, state research centers….) • Seed production: public (20 SSPC) and private • cocoon markets: public • Private rearing Source : ISC

  10. Production organization in China • Public research (Zhenjiang sericulturalresearchinstitute, province or municipal research institutes,……) • Public and privateseed production • Privaterearing • Privatereeling Source : ISC

  11. Production organization in JAPAN • Public research and development (NIAS) • Private breeding, seed production, rearing and reeling • Public technical assistance for overseas countries (JICA) Source : ISC

  12. Production organization in BRAZIL Tie-up research and production in a private company : BRATAC (Parana state). Source : ISC

  13. Tropical sericulturaldevelopment : theoricalpossibilities • Most countries in the tropical belt or subtropical belt have a favourable climate in south-east Asia, Africa and America. • Raw silk has a hight economic value, and is capable of producing additional cash income to the numerous and poor rural populations. Source : ISC

  14. Tropical sericulturaldevelopment : practicalnecessities • Agro-climatic conditions (maximum temperature for highperforming silkworm strainsrearing : 30°C). • Qualities of potentialrearers (oftenwomen) : attention to details, diligence, time. • Availability of specificrearingpremisesprotectedfrom the otheractivities of the farm. Source : ISC

  15. Tropical sericulturaldevelopment : practicalnecessities • Sericulture is to be develo ped in areas: - far removed from consumer markets or ports, where no other major activities are profitables at the same season(s) like industrial crops, - where food products are consumed locally. • It is very hazardous to envisage sericulture as a mono-production. Source : ISC

  16. Tropical sericulturaldevelopment : practicalnecessities • Existence of a handicraft tradition or a textile industry, this is a prohibitive factor. • Existence of a processing circuit, i.e. leading to a domestic market for raw silk . Source : ISC

  17. A complexagro-industrialprocess: sericulture (1) • Mulberrycultivation (pedological and climatic conditions, appropriatevarieties, growing techniques). • Grainage and silkworm rearing ( search for appropriate cross breeds, grainage management, rearing technique). • Cocoon handling ( collection, stifling, storage) Source : ISC

  18. A complexagro-industrialprocess: sericulture (2) • Reeling (human and material ressources required for manual, semi-automatic and automatic basins). • Silkconditioning (human and material ressources required to test and classifyrawsilks). • Treatment of silkwaste (carding, combingspunsilk or noilsilkyarns). Source : ISC

  19. A complexagro-industrialprocess: silkprocessing Only for those who want to export raw silk : • very hight quality : minimum 3A grade. • Use of less sophisticated machines makes it possible to use lower-grade silks but requires plentiful and experienced labour-force. Source : ISC

  20. A complexagro-industrialprocess: by-productsfrommulberry • Fibers (phloem of shoots) • Paper (bark) • Wood (hockey sticks, cricket bats, tennis rackets, bobins, toys, furniture,….) • Fodder (leaves for cattle, poultry,….) • Traditionalmedecine and traditionalhealthydiet (fromroot, stem, leaves, fruit) Source : ISC

  21. A complexagro-industrialprocess: by-productsfrom silkworm • Pupae for human or animal feeding • Pupaeoil for soap, cosmetics, paints and varnishes • Silkmoth for medicinalwine (China) • Potential source of antibacterial peptides, antifungal fractions (larvae), lecithin, chitin, chitosan (pupae) • Use of silkworm as bio-reactor (by transgenesis) Source : ISC

  22. SOME IMPERATIVES • Training • Research • Dissemination of techniques • Programming: countries with no sericultural tradition/ countries withsericultural traditions Source : ISC

  23. International cooperation and information • Everyprecise and localisedproject must be the object of an appropriate and specificstudy. • This canbeachievedefficientlywith the support of different types of competenceswhichexist in various countries. • International cooperationis indispensable and especially for researchprojects. • ISC is best equiped to serve as focal points for multilateralcooperation. Source : ISC

  24. Future of sericultural economy • Domination of China on raw silk exportations, the best solution is to develop finished products • Production of economic interest molécules by transgenesis • Derived products Source : ISC

  25. SOME PICTURES FROM SERICULTURE IN SOUTH INDIA KARNATAKA State June 2010 Source : ISC

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  36. SOME PICTURES FROM SERICULTURE IN EAST CHINA ZHEJIANG Province May 2010 Source : ISC

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