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Transition from Medieval Times to the Renaissance. http://www.nbc.com/saturday-night-live/video/theodoric-of-york/2888/. The Renaissance A Revolution in Art. Renaissance Art.
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Transition from Medieval Times to the Renaissance http://www.nbc.com/saturday-night-live/video/theodoric-of-york/2888/
Renaissance Art Beginning in Italy in the late 14th century, a revolution in the arts took place. Painting, sculpture, literature, architecture, music, dance, poetry – no area within the fine or performing arts was left untouched. This revolution was spurred on by the intellectual hallmarks of the Renaissance: humanism, individualism& secularism. Modern art was born in the Renaissance and the role of the artist was transformed from craftsman to intellectual and social critic. To be an artist meant you held a mirror up to society, you challenged traditional ideas, you offered a view of the world that was and could be.
Chapter 13 Reading Question Review • Describe the new social class in the twelfth-century Italy called the ‘”urban nobility”. How and why did this social class come into being and how did it affect the movement toward republican government? • What five powers dominated the Italian peninsula in the fifteenth century? How did the Italian city-states contribute to modern society? • How does the concept of individualism help explain the Renaissance? Did women and common people play a role in the Renaissance? • What is humanism? What do humanists emphasize?
Overview • Objective: • To examine Renaissance art from various mediums and explore how a true revolution in artistic styles and portrayals occurred during the period. • Directions: • Take notes as we go through the presentation. • Your participation in response to questions will be assessed for critical thinking & expression
The artistic achievements of the Renaissance can be divided into 3 time periods: • Pre Renaissance – late 1200’s to 1400 • Renaissance – 1400 – 1480’s • High Renaissance 1480’s – 1560’s The Renaissance began in Florence and then spread northward. There is also the Northern Renaissance that took place in England, the Netherlands and Germany. Major Artists of the Renaissance
Architecture* Think About- How does Renaissance Architecture reflect humanism?
Chartres Cathedral – France 1194-1260 Gothic Style Architecture Notre Dame de Paris 1163-1250
Interior of Notre Dame Interior of Chartres Gothic architecture was meant to inspire a sense of awe and fear in those who entered the building. The cathedral was a house of God and you were intended to remember that at all times.
Medieval castles were built for security – as fortresses rather than works of art. Rait Castle – Dover England 1300 Architects model of Medieval Castle on site of Louvre – 13th century
The Louvre is an excellent example of how dramatic the shifts in architecture during the Renaissance were. As a Medieval castle As a Renaissance palace
The humanist movement of the Renaissance carries on to this day. Across the world people continue to design buildings that echo or copy the style of ancient Rome and Greece. Roman Temple of Bacchus The Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC
Il Duomo The Cathedral of Florence 1296-1462 Il Duomo was one of the first great architectural achievements of the Renaissance. It is really the first of the great Renaissance cathedrals. Renaissance Architecture
Gothic Cathedral Notre Dame de Paris Renaissance Cathedral St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome
The Pantheon in Rome 2nd Century St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome Renaissance architecture clearly reflects humanism. The architects starting with Brunelleschi and Bramante were deeply influenced by Greek and especially Roman styles.
St. Peter’s Basilica Rome 1546-1564
St. Peter’s Basilica Interior Views St. Peter’s is literally, and to many figuratively, the greatest church in Christendom. It was built and designed by several of the leading architects including Michelangelo. It contains artwork by many of the great Renaissance artists. It is the seat of the Vatican which is the center or capital of the Roman Catholic Church.
Painting of the High Middle Ages Crucifixion 14th century Epiphany 13th century
Madonna & Child 13th Century Madonna & Child Raphael - 16th century A common subject of Medieval and Renaissance art is the Virgin Mary and the baby Jesus. While the basic figures and poses remain the same, the settings, style, colors and skill evolve over time.
St. Andrew 13th Century An Elderly Man as Saint Peter Rembrandt – 1659(?) The saints were the most common form of portraiture in Medieval art. In the Renaissance, artists commonly painted their patrons. They were painted as themselves or placed into a classical or religious scene. In the Northern Renaissance, Rembrandt above all others painted many portraits of “commoners.” Usually these were straight portraits but he would also use them as “models.”
Michelangelo Michelangelo Buonarroti was born in Florence in 1475. He was a painter, a sculptor, architect and poet. “He was the first artist recognized by contemporaries as a genius.” He was a prolific artist who worked in Florence and Rome two of the major centers of Renaissance art. He produced several of the greatest works of western art and is the author of arguably the greatest artwork in history, the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. While Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is the most recognizable painting in the world, Michelangelo’s David is an equally iconic image. He died in 1564 with literally hundreds of works left behind in the great and small villas, homes, and churches in Italy. Genius of His Age
Michelangelo designed the dome on St. Peter’s (546-1564). It is considered one of the great feats of Western architecture. The brick dome 138 feet in diameter rises 452 feet above the street, and 390 feet above the floor, with four iron chains for a compression ring. Four internal piers each 60 feet square. The dome is 452 ft high (above the pavement) and is buttressed by the apses and supported internally by four massive piers more than 18 meters (60 feet) thick.It inspired many including Sir Christopher Wren’s St. Paul’s Cathedral in London.
Virtual Tour! http://www.vatican.va/various/cappelle/sistina_vr/index.html
Jeremiah Ezekiel
Judith & Holferness The severed head of Holofernes, is supposedly Michelangelo’s
Saint Bartholomew holding the knife of his martyrdom and his flayed skin. The face of the skin is Michelangelo's. Minos- Judge of the underworld, was meant to represent Biagioda Cesena
Venus and Mars Boticelli
The School of Athens Raphael
The Marriage at Cana Paolo Veronese – Venetian 1563
The Betrothal of Arnolfini Van Eyck - Dutch 1434 This is considered one of the classic Renaissance images. It depicts a wealthy merchant from Lucca Italy and his fiancée. The symbols of marriage, loyalty and of course wealth are apparent.
Northern Renaissance Virgin and Child with Angels van Leyden 15th century Christ Carrying the Cross Bosch 15th century
Bosch’s – The Last Judgment Michelangelo’s – The Last Judgment
Rembrandt The greatest of the Dutch painters he is one of the masters of the late Northern Renaissance, working in the mid-17th century. He is most well known for his portraits.
And of course Leonardo Da Vinci No that book isn’t true but he was a genius.
The Vitruvian Man This is a study in proportions. Da Vinci was a man of reason and logic. He studied classical works and architecture and always sought to have things in proportion based on mathematical formulas. Notice the basic shapes of square, triangle and circle contained in the sketch.
