Migration processes in Latvia

1. Migration processesin Latvia

2. Depending on the political status Depending on the motive Depending on the destination Depending on its nature Depending on the duration • Dailycommuting • Seasonal • Permanent • Legal • Illegal • Searching for work • Searching for refuge • Settling a new land • Pursuing a higher quality of life • Because of studies and projects • Repatriation(returning to one’s homeland) • Because of marriage • Regional • International • Emigration • Immigration • Voluntary • Involuntary

3. Students live in Riga live outside of Riga • 3 or more hours spent on the road – getting up early and returning home late • Reduces time for creative/athletic activities • Reduces time for one’s family • Constitutes extra expenses • Extra time with one’s family • Socializing and the development of one’s independence Daily commuting Teachers Social and financial aspects • Makes having friends outside one’s school difficult

4. Repatriates Socialaspects • Positive aspects • Experience of living in different communities • This experience positively influences school life • Expression of a pro-found national identity • Tendency to be more psychologically and geographically adaptable • Negative aspects • Having to get used to a society that is still learning to be tolerant • Culture shock • Adaptation

5. Repatriates Educational aspects • Negative aspects • Troubles with learning the Latvian language • The inability to meet the Latvian standard of education • Positive aspects • An increase in foreign language skills • Diversity in the learning process

6. Repatriates Financialaspects Negative aspects • Positive aspects • Financial affluency; parentshave more choices concerning their children’s education • If they were students of another school, they’d be in a better financial situation and would look better in comparison

7. The immigration of whole families Socialaspects • Positive aspects • Experience of living in different communities • This experience positively influences school life • Tendency to be more psychologically and geographically adaptable • They teach local students tolerance • Negative aspects • The language barrier • Having to get used to a society that is still learning to be tolerant • Feelings of nostalgia • Culture shock • Adaptation

8. The immigration of whole families Educational aspects • Positive aspects • An increase in foreign language skills • Diversity in the learning process • Negative aspects • Troubles with learning the Latvian language • The language barrier hinders the comprehension of terminology. • The difficulties with meeting the Latvian standard of education

9. The immigration of whole families Financialaspects • Positive aspects • Financial affluency; parents have more choices concerning their children’s education • Negative aspects • If they were students of another school, they’d be in a better financial situation and would look better in comparison

10. The immigration of a parent Socialaspects • Positive aspects • New experiences concerning family life • The broadening of a child’s horizon • Opportunity to travel • Negative aspects • The confusing of psychological information • In the event of a divorce, children can become “hostages” • Troubled contact with one of the parents

11. The immigration of a parent Educational aspects • Positive aspects • An increase in foreign language skills Negative aspects

12. The immigration of a parent Financialaspects • Positive aspects • An increase in the family’s financial situation Negative aspects

13. Whole families migrate because of parents’employment Socialaspects • Positive aspects • Experience of living in different communities • This experience positively influences school life • Tendency to be more psychologically and geographically adaptable • Children teach their peers tolerance • Children are quicker to make contacts • Negative aspects • Constant state of adaptation • Quick, but superficial contacts • Difficulties with maintaining friendships which complicates the idea of constant migration

14. Whole families migrate because of parents’employment Educational aspects • Positive aspects • An increase in foreign language skills • Negative aspects • Constant adaptation to new demands • Inclination to ignore these demands • A sloppy level of skills and knowledge

15. Whole families migrate because of parents’employment Financialaspects Negative aspects • Positive aspects • Financial affluency; parents have more choices concerning their children’s education

16. Parents work abroad for a significant amount of time Socialaspects • Positive aspects • Tendency to be more self-sufficient and independent • Broadening of contacts and acquaintances despite the lack of affection in one’s family • The shaping of one’s identity • Negative aspects • The tendency to get involved with the wrong groups of people • Early romantic relationships • Tendency to develop addictions

17. Parents work abroad for a significant amount of time Educationalaspects • Positive aspects • The tendency to use all the possibilites their schools offer • Negative aspects • Due to lack of control, students tend to do worse in school

18. Parents work abroad for a significant amount of time Financial aspects • Positive aspects • Financial affluency; parents have more choices concerning their children’s education Negative aspects

19. One of the parents has emigrated Socialaspects • Positive aspects • Tendency to be more independent • Children learn how to deal with loss • They learn how to live in a different family model • Negative aspects • Manipulative behavior • Learned helplessness • Inadequate behavior in an attempt to restore the former lifestyle

20. One of the parents has emigrated Educationalaspects Positive aspects • Negative aspects • Fluctuating test scores

21. One of the parents has emigrated Financialaspects • Negative aspects • If not – children can suffer financially • Positive aspects • Financial aid from the parent if contact between them is maintained

22. Children have studied abroad for a significant period of time Socialaspects • Positive aspects • Tendency to be more self-sufficient • Tolerance to other cultures, religions, races • Negative aspects • Difficulties with adapting to groups of peers • Lack of motivation • Arrogant behavior that complicates relationships with peers

23. One of the parents has emigrated and lives abroad Educationalaspects • Positive aspects • An increase in foreign language skills • Negative aspects • Inability to meet the Latvian educational standard • They often have low scores and they repeat a grade

24. One of the parents has emigrated and lives abroad financialaspects Positive aspects Negative aspects

25. Thank you for attention