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American Evolution: The Impact of Ideologies on National Development

Explore the transformation of America from the mercantilist era (1607-1763) to sectionalism (1820-1860), examining mercantilism, imperialism, nationalism, judicial and cultural nationalism, and sectional divides. Delve into key acts, wars, and movements that shaped America's identity and led to sectional tensions in society. Discover the complexities of class, gender, race, and ethnicity, and how religious beliefs influenced cultural shifts. Uncover the significant events and ideologies that laid the groundwork for the United States' development.

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American Evolution: The Impact of Ideologies on National Development

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  1. The Big picture Part I

  2. Mercantilism (1607 – 1763) • The “ism” • Colonies exist for the mother country • National wealth & power is a function of the amount of gold and silver in the treasury • How they did it • Navigation Acts • Trade Acts

  3. Imperialism (Sovereignty) • The “ism” • In pursuit of mercantile strength, the mother country gathers territory abroad • How they did it • French & Indian War (Treaty of Paris 1763) • Sugar, Stamp, Townshend, and Intolerable Acts • Revolutionary War decides the sovereignty issue: British king recognizes US sovereignty

  4. Nationalism (1783 – 1830s) • The “ism” • Growing sense of “American” identity • Has foundation in Declaration of Independence • How they did it • Treaty of Paris 1783 • Articles of Confederation (1781-1789) • Supremacy clause • Louisiana Purchase • War of 1812 • And…

  5. Judicial Nationalism • Exemplified by the Marshall Court (1801 – 1835) • Major decisions • Marbury v. Madison (1803) • Fletcher v. Peck (1810) • Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) • McCullough v. Maryland (1819) • Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

  6. Cultural Nationalism • BIC • Bryant (Thanatopsis; To a Waterfowl) • Irving (Sketch Book including “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”) • Cooper (Leatherstocking Tales including Last of the Mohicans) • Hudson River School • Romanticized landscape painting • Example: Thomas Cole

  7. Sectionalism (1820 – 1860) • The “ism” • Tendency to separate based on social cleavages (region, gender, race, class, etc.) • How they did it • South (slavery, plantation system) v. North (manufacturing, trade) • Abolitionism • Slavery in the territories

  8. Big Picture Trends (1607 – 1860) • Class • Rich v. poor; merchant v. farmer; haves v. have nots; west v. east • Gender • Changing role of women • Race • Negroid (black) v. Caucasian (white); Mongoloid (First Nations/Native Americans/Indians) v. Caucasian • Ethnicity • Germans/Irish v. Anglos • Religion • Puritans, Quakers, Mormons v. established Christian traditions

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