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Prescription for Information : Addressing Health Information Literacy

Prescription for Information : Addressing Health Information Literacy. Course Background. Core component of a Health Information Literacy Research Project sponsored by the Medical Library Association with funding from the National Library of Medicine .

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Prescription for Information : Addressing Health Information Literacy

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  1. Prescription for Information: Addressing Health Information Literacy

  2. Course Background Core component of a Health Information Literacy Research Project sponsored by the Medical Library Association with funding from the National Library of Medicine. Piloted by hospital-based librarians with over 1100 health professionals in the U.S. and Canada

  3. Course Objectives At the end of the tutorial, you will be able to: Define health literacy and the challenges patients face. Recognize the impact low health literacy has on patient care.

  4. Course Objectives List strategies to improve health information literacy. Describe health literacy services provided by medical libraries.

  5. Part I: Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  6. What Is Health Literacy? Having the capacity to obtain process understand • the basic health information services needed • to make appropriate health decisions. Health.gov Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  7. What Is Health Literacy? The ability of individuals to read understand act upon health-related information. New York City Mayor's office Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  8. What Is Health Literacy? Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face Health literacy also refers to the capacity of professionals and institutions to communicate effectively so that community members can make informed decisions and take appropriate actions to protect and promote their health. New York City Mayor's office

  9. What Is Health Literacy? Health literacy includes things like reading consent forms, medicine labels, and other written health information. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  10. What Is Health Literacy? Health literacy also involves understanding written or oral information and instructions from health care providers. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  11. What Is Health Literacy? appropriate health care decisions for oneself or one's family. The last component of health literacy is acting on information to make Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  12. What Is Health Literacy? For discussion: How much responsibility do health professionals have for improving health literacy? Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  13. Health Literacy Statistics and Trends Two key findings from a 2003 study from the National Center for Education and Statistics: Nearly half of adults in the U.S. have basic or below basic literacy skills. 77 million U.S. adults have basic or below basic health literacy skills. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  14. Health Literacy Statistics and Trends What do these statistics really mean? Most adults having below basichealth literacy skills (30 million adults) would not be able to circle the date of their next appointment on a medical appointment slip or identify what is permissible to drink before a medical test based on a set of short instructions. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  15. Health Literacy Statistics and Trends What do these statistics really mean? Those scoring at a basic level would find it difficult to give two reasons why a person with no symptoms of a specific disease should be tested for the disease based on information in a clearly written pamphlet. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  16. Health Literacy Statistics and Trends What do these statistics really mean? Even among the 1 in 9 adults who have proficient(the highest score) health literacy skills, the demands of the health care system and the sheer amount of information there is to process can be challenging and overwhelming! Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  17. Health Literacy Statistics and Trends If you would like to see literacy information and statistics for your area, visit your state's Adult Education department site. Search on "literacy" and see what you find. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  18. Factors that Affect Health Literacy • Communication skills • Numeracy skills • Patient and health care provider knowledge about health • Culture and language • Demands of the health care system Health literacy is dependent on a variety of individual and system factors. Some examples include: Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  19. Factors that Affect Health Literacy For discussion: Describe a time when cultural factors influenced a patient interaction with you. What did you do differently to assure that you and your patient were of a common understanding? Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  20. Health Literacy Screening Tools The Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) • Designed to be used in public health and primary care settings to identify patients with low reading levels. • Provides reading grade estimates for patients who read below a ninth-grade level. • Takes 1-2 minutes to administer by personnel with minimal training. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  21. Health Literacy Screening Tools The Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Revised (REALM-R) • A shortened version of the REALM. • A rapid-screening instrument to assess how well primary care patients read words that they commonly experience and are expected to understand in the course of interacting with their physician. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  22. Health Literacy Screening Tools The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA) • Developed using actual hospital materials. • Consists of a 50-item reading comprehension and 17-item numerical ability test. • Takes up to 22 minutes to administer. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  23. Health Literacy Screening Tools • Consists of a nutrition label accompanied by 6 questions. • Takes about 3 minutes to administer. • Reliable and correlates with the TOFHLA. Part I. Health Literacy and the Challenges Patients Face

  24. Part II: The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  25. Why Is Health Literacy Important? Low health literacy is increasingly recognized as a barrier to quality patient care and is linked to: Under-utilization of preventive services such as mammograms, pap smears, and prostate exams Reduced medication adherence, especially in patients 65 and over Continued Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  26. Why Is Health Literacy Important? Less knowledge and understanding of one's own health Poorer management of chronic disease such as diabetes and hypertension Increased risk of hospitalization Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  27. Why Is Health Literacy Important? All of these factors have financial implications. In other words, low health literacy is associated with increased health care costs. Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  28. Why Is Health Literacy Important? In a 2007 health literacy cost analysis, low health literacy was estimated to cost the U.S. health care systembetween $106 and $238 billion dollars a year, (that’s between 7% and 17% of all the personal health care expenditures). Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  29. Why Is Health Literacy Important? A 2005 study out of Emory University found that persons with inadequate health literacy incur higher medical costs use an inefficient mix of services. Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  30. Why Is Health Literacy Important? Health information is key to Patient and provider communication Shared health care decision making Understanding and following directions Recognizing when to seek care Learning and adopting healthy behaviors Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  31. Why Is Health Literacy Important? Challenges patients face when trying to find and use health information: Health materials are written at reading grade levels that far exceed patients' skills The increasing quantity of questionable health information on the Internet. Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy

  32. Why Is Health Literacy Important? Part II. The Impacts of Low Health Literacy Need to add video here, but it’s not playing! Grrr.

  33. Why Is Health Literacy Important? For discussion: Mrs. Cordell talks about her experience signing a surgical consent form without reading and understanding it. What surprised you most about her story? How might you address her situation?

  34. Why Is Health Literacy Important? For discussion: Mr. Bell talks about his fear of having others find out he has trouble reading, and that his response has been to walk out of a doctor's office. What might you do differently as a result of hearing his story? Why?

  35. Part III: Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  36. Info Rx – Prescription for Information patients to MedlinePlus for information about a condition, drug, or procedure that you have discussed with them. Through the InfoRx program, you can order and use pre-printed "prescription" pads that refer your Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  37. Info Rx – Prescription for Information Goal of the InfoRx program: Reduce the number of poor quality Internet searches patients sometimes perform. Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  38. Info Rx – Prescription for Information Tip Remember that some conditions have both clinical and layman's names, such as "hypertension" and "high blood pressure." You may want to write both on an InfoRx prescription so the patient can look it up either way. Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  39. Info Rx – Prescription for Information Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  40. Info Rx – Prescription for Information “A gentleman came in to the medical library with an Information Rx looking for very specific information about a rare complication from a surgical procedure he had. We looked in our textbooks and online databases. It was nice having the Information Rx sheet and using the provider’s terms to try and locate the information.” – Martha Prescott, Medical Librarian, Berkshire Medical Center, Berkshire, MA Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  41. Info Rx – Prescription for Information “I had two high-risk pregnant patients come in to use the library. One patient was interested in cesarean delivery information which we explored through MedlinePlus. She was able to look at the information to get a better understanding of the procedure and alleviate some of her fears.” – Andrea Harrow, Medical Library, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angles, CA Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  42. Understanding Medical Terminology Beyond referring your patients to quality, authoritative websites, there are some other things you can do to help them better understand health information… Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  43. Understanding Medical Terminology “Deciphering Medspeak” brochures help translate complicated medical terms into plain language. Topics include breast cancer, diabetes, eye disease, heart disease, HIV/AIDs, and stroke. Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  44. Understanding Medical Terminology Rx Riddles Solved is a guide to the short-hand often seen on prescriptions. You can provide a printout to patients or the URL. Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  45. Understanding Medical Terminology Understanding Medical Words is an interactive tutorial that helps patients better understand how medical words are formed so that they can interpret them more easily. Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  46. Understanding Medical Terminology The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Marketing has developed a Plain Language Thesaurus. Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  47. Using the Teach-Back Method Teach-Back Method, also known as the “show-me” method or “closing the loop” You ask patients to state in their own words the key concepts, decisions, or instructions that you just discussed. Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  48. Using the Teach-Back Method Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  49. Using the Teach-Back Method For discussion: The previous video demonstrated the "teach-back" method as a way to assure patient understanding. What are your impressions of this method? Have you ever used it yourself? If so, was it useful in your opinion? Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

  50. Facilitating Patient-Provider Interactions There are two aspects of the program – one for patients and one for providers. The National Patient Safety Foundation, in partnership with Pfizer, has developed a program called "Ask Me 3.” Part III. Strategies to Improve Health Information Literacy

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