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Final Meeting of the CAPACT project, 4-6 July 2007, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Final Meeting of the CAPACT project, 4-6 July 2007, Almaty, Kazakhstan. EECCA participation in work on health effects. M. Krzyzanowski and Kubanychbek Monolbaev WHO Regional Office for Europe. This presentation:. Updated WHO Air Quality Guidelines Data on AQ (PM10) in European Region of WHO

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Final Meeting of the CAPACT project, 4-6 July 2007, Almaty, Kazakhstan

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  1. Final Meeting of the CAPACT project, 4-6 July 2007, Almaty, Kazakhstan EECCA participation in work on health effects M. Krzyzanowski and Kubanychbek Monolbaev WHO Regional Office for Europe

  2. This presentation: • Updated WHO Air Quality Guidelines • Data on AQ (PM10) in European Region of WHO • Framework Plan for development of PM monitoring in EECCA

  3. WHO AQG - Global update The process • Basis: Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, 2nd edition, WHO 2000 • Oct – Nov 2004: Steering Group established • Jan - Sept 2005: review of the evidence (ca 80 experts involved) • 18-20 October 2005: WG meeting, Bonn (report published Feb 2006) • Dec 2005 – June 2006: finalization of background materials (drafts 2-4) • 5 October 2006 – WHO press release on AQG • WHO editing / printing  published in April 2007 http://www.euro.who.int/InformationSources/Publications/Catalogue/20070323_1 http://www.who.int/phe/air/aqg2006execsum.pdf http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair_aqg/en/index.html - all WHO official languages

  4. Passing interim targets on the way towards AQG Effect Exposure AQG IT-1 IT-2

  5. WHO AQG - Global update Particulate matter: annual mean AQG 2000: no guideline value

  6. WHO AQG - Global update Particulate matter: 24-h mean *) 99th percentile (3 days / year) AQG 2000: no guideline value

  7. WHO AQG: Global update: Summary of updated AQG values AQG levels recommended to be achieved everywhere in order to significantly reduce the adverse health effects of pollution *) AQG 2000: 120 μg/m3 **) AQG 2000: 125 μg/m3

  8. Percentage of children living in cities with various PM10 levels, 2004 (or last available year) http://www.enhis.net Note: In several countries the assessment is based on one city only.

  9. Children’s health and the environment in Europe: Environmental data used for exposure assessment Exposure to air pollution • PM10 level > AQG for 90% children in WHO/Euro • No improvement in urban AQ in the current decade • No data on AQ for 43% of population in the Region EUROSTAT structural indicator http://www.enhis.net

  10. Annual mean concentrations of air pollutants monitored in cities of Georgia, 2006 Source : Division of Air Protection, Ministry of Environment of Georgia, 2006

  11. Concentration of “dust” (=TSP) and NO2 in cities of Russian Federation, 2002-4 Mean = 244 μg/m3 No. of cities 2002/3/4 = 57 / 98 / 92 Population (million) = 30 / 45 / 40 Mean = 79 μg/m3 No. of cities 2002/3/4 = 70/ 111 / 105 Population (million) = 34 / 47 / 45 Source: Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Moscow

  12. Emission of pollutants from mobile sources,Georgia, 2003-5 Source : Division of Air Protection, Ministry of Environment of Georgia, 2006

  13. Projected PM emissions in Europe, 2000-2020 No effective policies leading to PM reduction in Non-EU EU10 Non-EU EU15 CLE: current legislation; MTFR: Maximum technically feasible reductions Source: IIASA

  14. Why PM data needed? • To inform the public and policy makers about the magnitude of health risk of air pollution in a local population; • To stimulate various stakeholders to initiate pollution reduction; • To plan actions reducing air pollution; • To evaluate effectiveness of the actions.

  15. Framework Plan for development of monitoring of PM in EECCA English: http://www.euro.who.int/Document/E88565.pdf Russian: http://www.euro.who.int/document/e88565r.pdf

  16. WHO Framework Plan for development of PM monitoring in EECCA • A general strategy and technical action plan, WHO/Euro 2006): • Summarizes principles of PM10 and PM2.5 monitoring; • Presents practical guidelines on essential steps to be taken in a country initiating PM monitoring; • Provides timetable and organizational framework for program implementation; • Considers the cost-effectiveness of the system and its operation in countries with limited financial resources and limited expertise.

  17. Framework for establishing PM monitoring in EECCA Framework Plan Pilot Project National Plan National monitoring system

  18. WHO Framework Plan for development of PM monitoring in EECCA: Pilot project in Tirana, ALB June 06: Assessment of local needs / capacities / programs September 06: Workshop with all stakeholders to agree on the local actions May 07: Initiation of PM monitoring Sept 07: (Planned) assessment Additional activity: preparations for NO2 mapping (passive monitoring of NO2; survey of traffic intensity)

  19. Conclusions • WHO AQG provide challenging targets for air pollution control • Available AQ data from EECCA indicate urgent need to reduce air pollution • Reduction of health risks: focus on primary PM, PM precursors and NOx • Policy development must address the health impacts of air pollution • Air pollution monitoring (PM10 & PM 2.5 !!) • Identification of sources / emissions • AQ improvement plans: from interim targets  AQG Thank you http://www.euro.who.int/air

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