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Infection and Microbes: Types, Transmission, and Sources

Learn about the various types of infections, including primary, secondary, cross infections, and more, as well as how infections spread in society. Explore sources of infection from humans, animals, air, food, water, insects, and soil, and understand different modes of transmission.

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Infection and Microbes: Types, Transmission, and Sources

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  1. INFECTION MICROBES: Saprophytes : Are free living organisms depends on dead and decaying organic matter. They generally unable to invade the living body. Parasites: These are the micro-organisms which can live on the living host.

  2. Infection ? The lodgment and multiplication of a micro-organism in the body constitutes an infection. Disease ? Disease depends on the relation between the two and it is the outcome of the infection.

  3. Types of infection: 1. Primary infection: Initial infection with a parasite in a host. 2. Secondary infection : When a body resistance is lowered due to primary infection, a new infection sets in is known as secondary infection. 3. Cross infection: When a patient already suffering from a infection acquires a new infection from another host or a new external source. Common in Hospitals

  4. 4. Nosocomial infection: Cross infections in hospitals is called as nosocomial of hospital acquired infections. 5. Iatrogenic infection: Physician induced infections are termed as iatrogenic infections. 6. Subclinical infections: When clinical symptoms are not apparent is called as subclinical infection. 7. Latent infection: Hidden infections. 8. Atypical infection : Typical or characteristic symptoms are not present.

  5. Types based on spread in society: • Endemic infection : Diseases which are constantly present in a particular area. • Epidemic infection: Diseases spread rapidly but area is limited. • Pandemic infection : Diseases spread rapidly involves large area is limited.

  6. SOURCES OF INFECTION: • MAN: A. Endogenous. B. Exogenous. i. Patient ii. Carrier 2. ANIMALS. 3. AIR. 4. FOOD AND WATER. 5. INSECTS. 6. SOIL.

  7. MODES OF TRANSMISSION: • Contact • Inhalation • Ingestion • Inoculation • Insects • Sexual • Congenital

  8. Thank you

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