North Carolina in the New Nation

1. North Carolina in the New Nation Chapter 11

2. The First Party System • Alexander Hamilton (NY): secretary of treasury • Thomas Jefferson (VA): secretary of state • Hamilton wished to set up a national bank, the Bank of the United States; this bank would lend $ to the federal government and issue paper currency

3. Political Parties • Federalists: led by Washington and Hamilton; believed in a strong national government. • Republicans: led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison; believed in individual rights and a weak central government

4. NC in Politics • Chisholm v. Georgia: James Iredell argued that individual citizens could not sue a state in a federal court. This principle became the 11th Amendment of the Constitution

5. Whiskey Rebellion • In 1791, a tax called an excise was passed by Congress. • This tax was placed on whiskey made in the United States; Hamilton hoped to raise $ with this tax • Whiskey Rebellion: a protest among farmers who refused to pay the excise tax

6. From Federalist to Republican • The U.S. and France signed the Convention of 1800, which ended the alliance held with France since 1778. • Nathaniel Macon: Republican • Believed in a debt-free nation • Favored a weak federal government with few powers

7. War of 1812 • Causes of the War • Britain and France took American ships • Americans believed that Britain was stirring up Indians in the West • War Hawks wanted the U.S. to take Canada from Britain • An embargo was issued in hopes that Britain & France would stop taking U.S. ships

8. NC in the War • Col. Forsyth: took part in battles along the Canadian border • Johnston Blakely: commanded the Enterprise and Wasp; he was lost at sea • Otway Burns: brought back valuable supplies for the war • Dolley Madison: saved valuable items from the president’s residence

9. Effects of the War • Treaty of Ghent: signed in Belgium; ended the War of 1812

10. Rip Van Winkle State • N.C. was known as the Rip Van Winkle state because: • Fell behind the rest of the nation in agriculture, transportation, manufacturing and education • State government was controlled by easterners who resisted change • Few internal improvements were made

11. Moving to Greener Pastures • North Carolinians moved to the West for: • A more democratic government • Economic opportunities

12. The Great Revival • Great Revival: highly personal and emotional religious activity; brought to N.C. in the 1750’s by Baptists.

13. The Murphey Program • This program of Archibald Murphey called for: • Internal Improvements: needed a system of land & water transportation to bring domestic and foreign trade to NC • Public education: each county would have 2 or more primary schools • Constitutional Reform: state constitution had to be revised • Drainage of Swamplands: to provide rich farmlands