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GPSC Coaching Ahmedabad & SSC Coaching in Ahmedabad - Vinit Institute

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GPSC Coaching Ahmedabad & SSC Coaching in Ahmedabad - Vinit Institute

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  1. COMPUTER General Introduction By Krishna Jani

  2. GENERAL INTRODUCTION The word ‘computer’ has been derived from the Latin word ‘computerae’ meaning ‘to compute’. A computer is a man made electronic machine which stores, reads and processes data to produce meaningful information as output. Actually, a computer is a collection of hardware and software components that helps us to accomplish many different tasks. KRISHNA JANI

  3. HARDWARE Hardware consists of computer itself and includes A CPU A Monitor A Keyboard A Mouse And any equipment connected to it. KRISHNA JANI

  4. A CPU KRISHNA JANI

  5. A MONITOR KRISHNA JANI

  6. A KEYBOARD KRISHNA JANI

  7. A MOUSE KRISHNA JANI

  8. HUMAN V/S COMPUTER Human Being Slow in Calculation Cannot remember lots of things at one time Can make mistakes Have feelings Can think Get tired if they work for long hours Computer Do complex calculations in seconds Can store and remember a large amount of information at one time Do not make mistakes Do not have feelings Cannot think Never get tired KRISHNA JANI

  9. ELEMENTARY WORDS RELATED TO COMPUTER Data Information Numeric Data Alphabetic Data Alphanumeric Data KRISHNA JANI

  10. ……CONTINUE Data : Data is information required by the computer to be able to operate or to put it the other way we put into the computer is called Data. It is a collection of unprocessed items and combination of characters, numbers and symbols collected for a specific purpose.  Numeric data Numeric data consists of ten digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.This data includes decimal number system, binary number system ,octal number system and hexadecimal number system. e.g . Exam score, bank balance , pin-code KRISHNA JANI

  11. ……CONTINUE  Alphabetic Data alphabetic data is used to represent 26 alphabets. It consist of capital letters from ‘A to Z ‘, small letters from ‘a to z’ and blank space. It is also called non-numeric data. e.g. Name.  Alphanumeric Data Alphanumeric data is used to represent alphabetic data , numeric data , special characters and symbols. e.g. password , email-id Information Information is well organized data which we get after processing of data and it helps in decision making. It is processed data that is organized , meaningful and useful . KRISHNA JANI

  12. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER Speed : A computer is a very fast and accurate device. It takes only few seconds to process the instructions for which we take hours to complete. Processing speed :- Bank , stores , stock exchange , reservation Accuracy and Reliability Errors are caused by humans , not by computers. High Storage Capacity storing enormous amounts of data that must be located and retrieved very quickly. KRISHNA JANI

  13. ……CONTINUE Automation Once a process has been initiated, it is capable of functioning automatically. Diligence It is capable of operating at exactly the same level od speed and accuracy even if it has to carry out most voluminous and complex operation for a long period of time. Versatility The wide use of computer is used in so many areas. KRISHNA JANI

  14. USES OF COMPUTER Entertainment or Recreation Education Banks Railway Stations and Airport Medical Science Business Defence Designing Scientific Research Administration Publication Communication

  15. LIMITATION OF COMPUTER Lack of Intelligence (Programmed by Human) Cannot think Prone to virus Depends on Electricity KRISHNA JANI

  16. FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER Data Collection Data Storage Data Processing Data Output KRISHNA JANI

  17. IMPACT OF COMPUTERIZATION Time Saving Errorless work Saving of paper KRISHNA JANI

  18. DATA PROSSESING In the past , manual techniques used for collecting , manipulating and distributing data to achieve certain objectives , were known as Data Processing . As technology advances , computers are used to achieve results accomplished by humans and machines. The major objective of data processing is to get the desired information from any row data. This helps in decision making. Processing involves transforming input into output. KRISHNA JANI

  19. COMPUTER SYSTEM A group of equipment put together to process a data is called a computer system. A computer consists of several components to achieve electronic data processing.  Input Units which accept data from user and transmit it to the central processing .  CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer . CPU is the unit where most calculations take place. KRISHNA JANI

  20. INSTRUCTION CYCLE KRISHNA JANI

  21. ……CONTINUE  Fetch the instruction CPU fetches the instruction from main memory.  Decode the instruction The instruction decoder interprets instructions. Address of the instruction read from main memory to be processed and then placed into data register.  Execute the instruction The control unit passes the decoded information as a sequence of control signals to the relevant function unit.  Store Result The result generated by the operation is stored in the main memory or sent to an output device . KRISHNA JANI

  22. MAIN COMPONENTS OF CPU Arithmetic Logic Unit Input Unit Output Unit Control Unit Main Memory KRISHNA JANI

  23. .......CONTINUE  There are two main components of CPU  ALU ( Arithmetic Logic Unit) It performs all arithmetic operations and decision making operations. Data Transfer : includes moving of data from one location to another within the computer . Arithmetic Operation : includes addition , subtraction , multiplication and division etc. Decision Making It is an ability to compare two quantities and perform logical operations such as compare , true or false etc.  Control Unit :It extracts instructions from memory and execute them , calling on the ALU , when needed. KRISHNA JANI

  24. FUNCTIONS OF CONTROL UNIT  Control Flow of Data From input devices to memory From memory to output devices or secondary Storage From ALU to memory From memory to ALU  Co-ordinates instructions execution Fetch the instruction Decode the instruction Execute the instruction  Output Units Devices which accept information from CPU and convert it to human readable form .e.g receipt from printer KRISHNA JANI

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