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Chapter 10

Chapter 10. MOTIVATION When you finish this chapter you will be able to: Classifying theories of motivation Content theories of motivation Process theories of motivation Applications of work motivation. 1. Classifying theories of motivation. Content theories:

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Chapter 10

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  1. Chapter 10 MOTIVATION When you finish this chapter you will be able to: • Classifying theories of motivation • Content theories of motivation • Process theories of motivation • Applications of work motivation

  2. 1. Classifying theories of motivation • Content theories: -Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory -Herzberg Two Factor Theory -Achievement Motivation Theory • Process theories : -Goal Setting Theory -Vroom's Expectancy Theory -Adam's Equity Theory -Poter's Performance Satisfaction Model

  3. 2. Content theories of motivation Motivation is the driving force by which humans achieve their goals. Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory

  4. Herzberg’s two-factor or Motivation hygiene theory

  5. Achievement motivation theory • Achievement motivation theory: is relation personal characteristics and background to a need for achievement and the associated competitive drive to meet standards of excellence.

  6. 3. Process Theories of Motivation • Behavior Modification Theory: • Reinforce the desired behavior: praise is much more potent than criticism or even punishment.  • Immediacy matters: feedback after the event is useful at a cognitive level, but from a behavioral point of view, the feedback (praise) has to be so close to the specific bit of behavior that there is no doubt as to what it applies to.

  7. 3. Process Theories of Motivation EFFORT Expectancy? Lead to PERFORMANCE Instruments? Lead to OUTCOME (reward) Valence? PERSONAL GOAL • Expectancy Theory: states that, individuals make decisions, which they believe will lead to reward or reduce the likelihood of pain.

  8. 3. Process Theories of Motivation • Expectancy Theory Formula: is comprised of three components: Expectancy, Instrumentality, and Valence. M= E×I×V M=Motivation E=Expectancy I=Instrumentality V=Valence

  9. Intrinsic Motivation Getting Feel to give equity value Performance Satisfaction Extrinsic Motivation Relation: Performance &Satisfaction

  10. 4. Goal Setting Theory • Goal specificity • Goal difficulty • Goal Feedback • Participation in goal setting • Competition

  11. 5. Applications of work motivation • Money as motivator

  12. 5. Applications of work motivation • Intrinsic Rewards

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