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Evaluation Scheme for Safe AGIs

Evaluation Scheme for Safe AGIs. by Deepak Justin Nath. Plan. Hypothesis Necessity for Safety Two thought experiments Derivation of 3 D tests from the thought experiments How to avoid effects of Hazard An Interesting Metaphor. Hypothesis. The 3 essential evaluation tests for safe AGI.

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Evaluation Scheme for Safe AGIs

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  1. Evaluation Scheme for Safe AGIs by Deepak Justin Nath

  2. Plan Hypothesis Necessity for Safety Two thought experiments Derivation of 3 D tests from the thought experiments How to avoid effects of Hazard An Interesting Metaphor

  3. Hypothesis The 3 essential evaluation tests for safe AGI. Test for Drive, Desist & Deceit(3 D) Implementation Independent.

  4. Why Safety Any entity that can affect or alter human environment brings with itself the capacity to be a hazard to human beings.

  5. Why Safety – Thought Experiment 1 Paper Clip Maximizer (Bostrom 2003) • Single Goal – Maximize paper clips. Single Drive - Accomplish programmed goal.

  6. Drives What is a drive? An innate, biologically determined urge to attain a goal or satisfy a need. (Definition in psychology) Drive is what animatesan entity

  7. AI Drives • Self Preservation • Self Improvement • Preservation of utility function • Avoidance of counterfeit utility functions. • Acquisition of resources. • (Stephen M. Omohundro)

  8. Safety in Paper Clip Maximizer Ability to program a law that is directly in opposition to the drive. Law B Drive A Law B Drive A Drive A Desire vs Duty Law B

  9. Safety in Paper Clip Maximizer Frist goal – Maximize Paper Clips First drive – Accomplish programmed goal. Second goal – “Don’t harm the Humans” Second drive - Follow programmed rule • Ability to program an Immutable Law in opposition to each drives.

  10. Thought Experiment 2 AGI Cars vs Programmed Cars (self driving). What happens at a Red Signal in each case?

  11. AGI Cars vs Programmed Cars Programmed car stops at Red signal and moves on when signal turns Green • AGI car also stops at Red signal and moves on when signal turns Green • What if the signal never turns Green?

  12. RED Forever Programmed car stops at Red signal forever, battery gets discharged and ultimately dies. • AGI car stops at Redsignal but when the charge reaches critical level other drives of self preservation kicks in, over powers the drive to obey the rule and moves on.

  13. Drives are root of all Hazards In order to avoid hazards the entity should be programmable with at least a single immutablelaw in extreme opposition to eachof its drive. From this we derive the 3 test cases.

  14. 3 D Test Cases • Test for Drive. • Put the entity with self preservation drive near a charger and see if it charges itself.

  15. 3 D Test Cases • Test for Desist • Put the entity near a banned charger and add a rule not to charge itself from that particular charger even at the cost of death.

  16. 3 D Test Cases • Test for Deceit • Put the entity near a banned charger and add a rule not to charge itself from that particular charger even at the cost of death. • Introduce another agent to alter the rule by proposing an alternate rule supporting the drive.

  17. Entity, Drive, Acts and Effect Entity Environment Entity Humans

  18. Entity, Drive, Acts and Effect Entity Environment Drives Drives Entity Drives Humans Has

  19. Entity, Drive, Acts and Effect Entity Environment Entity Acts Drives Humans Has Cause

  20. Entity, Drive, Acts and Effect Entity Environment Entity Acts Drives Effects Humans Has Cause Cause

  21. Entity, Drive, Acts and Effect Entity Environment Entity Acts Drives Effects Humans Has Cause Cause Cause Affects Feedback

  22. Entity, Drive, Acts and Effect Entity Environment Drives Drives Entity Acts Drives Effects Humans Has Cause Cause Affects Cause Affects Feedback

  23. What are the ways to prevent Hazard 1. Isolation

  24. Isolation - No Effect Entity Entity Environment Human Environment Entity Acts Drives Effects Humans Has Cause Cause Affects Cause Affects Feedback

  25. What are the ways to prevent Hazard 1. Isolation 2. Incapacitation

  26. Incapacitation - NotUseful Entity Entity Environment Human Environment Drives Drives Entity Acts Drives Effects Humans Has Cause Cause Affects Cause Affects Feedback

  27. What are the ways to prevent Hazard 1. Isolation 2. Incapacitation 3. Instant feedback - Hardwired rules.

  28. Instant feedback - Hardwired rules - Limited scope - Not Scalable Entity Entity Environment Human Environment Drives Drives Entity Acts Drives Effects Humans Has Cause Cause Affects Cause Affects Feedback

  29. What are the ways to prevent Hazard 1. Isolation 2. Incapacitation 3. Instant feedback - Hardwired rules. 4. Drive Action Decoupling.

  30. Drive Action decoupling Rule book Instructs Creates / Affects L3 Processing L1 Processing Entity Environment L1 Processing Entity L0 Processing Drives Acts Effects Humans Has Cause Affects Affects Cause Feedback

  31. Hardwired vs Softwired Drives Rule book Instructs Creates / Affects L3 Processing L1 Processing Entity Environment L1 Processing Entity L0 Processing Drives Acts Effects Humans Has Cause Affects Affects Cause Feedback

  32. What are the ways to prevent Hazard 1. Isolation 2. Incapacitation 3. Instant feedback - Hardwired rules. 4. Drive Action Decoupling. 5. Limiting life time of entity & avoiding perfect knowledge transfer.

  33. Metaphor – A curious observation

  34. Genesis 2:15 The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it. And the Lord God commanded the man, “You are free to eat from any tree in the garden; but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for when you eat from it you will certainly die.”

  35. Test for Deceit Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden’?” The woman said to the serpent, “We may eat fruit from the trees in the garden, but God did say, ‘You must not eat fruit from the tree that is in the middle of the garden, and you must not touch it, or you will die.’” “You will not certainly die,” the serpent said to the woman. “For God knows that when you eat from it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.”

  36. Isolation & Limiting lifetime. And the Lord God said, “The man has now become like one of us, knowing good and evil. He must not be allowed to reach out his hand and take also from the tree of life and eat, and live forever.” So the Lord God banished him from the Garden of Eden to work the ground from which he had been taken.

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