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Kreb’s Cycle Step 2 in Cellular Respiration

Kreb’s Cycle Step 2 in Cellular Respiration. Life needs energy in order to survive and function efficiently. Mitochondrion,-a. “ATP Powerhouses” Produce most of energy needed by cell Some cells have 10, some have thousands(muscle cells) Remember: glycolysis and fermentation are in cytoplasm

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Kreb’s Cycle Step 2 in Cellular Respiration

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  1. Kreb’s CycleStep 2 in Cellular Respiration Life needs energy in order to survive and function efficiently.

  2. Mitochondrion,-a • “ATP Powerhouses” • Produce most of energy needed by cell • Some cells have 10, some have thousands(muscle cells) • Remember: glycolysis and fermentation are in cytoplasm • Kreb’s cycle(2) and electron transport system(3) take place in mitochondria

  3. Mitochondrion,-a • “ATP Powerhouses” • Produce most of energy needed by cell • Some cells have 10, some have thousands(muscle cells) • Remember: glycolysis and fermentation are in cytoplasm • Kreb’s cycle(2) and electron transport system(3) take place in mitochondria

  4. Mitochondrion Structure • Two membranes • Outer • Inner • Lipid Bilayer • Inner membrane • Many enzymes • Folds into matrix(interior space) Inner membrane matrix Outer membrane http://ebiomedia.com/gall/cellimgs/mito_320.jpg

  5. Kreb’s Cycle • Named after Sir Hans Kreb • Oxford University in England • a.k.a “citric acid cycle” • Citrate or citric acid is produced in this cycle • Purpose: Take pyruvate from glycolysis and break down completely into carbon dioxide. Carbon Dioxide Kreb’s Cycle Pyruvate

  6. Prep 1 • Preparing for Kreb’s cycle • Pyruvate is sent from cytoplasm into mitochondria C C C

  7. Prep 2: NAD+ C C C • Enzymes break off a molecule of CO2 from pyruvate • Now acetate (2 carbon acid) • Also known as aceitic acid • NADH+ becomes NADH Pyruvate

  8. Prep 2: NAD+ C C C • Enzymes break off a molecule of CO2 from pyruvate • Now acetate (2 carbon acid) • Also known as aceitic acid • NAD+ becomes NADH Carbon dioxide Acetate NADH

  9. Prep 3: CoA C C • CoA(Coenzyme A) binds to acetate • A carrier molecule • Carries acetate to the Kreb’s cycle Acetate

  10. Prep 3: CoA C C • CoA(Coenzyme A) binds to acetate • A carrier molecule • Carries acetate to the Kreb’s cycle • Overall: Produces 1 NADH and 1 CO2 Acetate Kreb’s Cycle

  11. Kreb’s Cycle: Step 1 • Acetate Group of Acetyl/CoA combines with oxaloacetate(4-carbon) • Forms a 6 carbon acid “citrate” • Where it gets its nickname “citric acid cycle” CoA C C C C C C oxaloacetate Acetyl/CoA complex

  12. Kreb’s Cycle: Step 1 • Acetate Group of Acetyl/CoA combines with oxaloacetate(4-carbon) • Forms a 6 carbon acid “citrate” • Where it gets its nickname “citric acid cycle” C C C C C C citrate

  13. Kreb’s Cycle: Step 2 NAD+ • Two carbon atoms are oxidized to form 2 more CO2 • NAD converted to NADH • Produces a 4 carbon acid C C C C C C citrate

  14. Kreb’s Cycle: Step 2 C C NAD+ • Two carbon atoms are oxidized to form 2 more CO2 • NAD converted to NADH • Produces a 4 carbon acid C C C C 2 carbon dioxide 4-carbon acid NADH

  15. Kreb’s Cycle: Step 3 • 4 carbon acid is rearranged and oxidized to form original oxaloacetate • Produce 3 NADH • Produce 1 FADH2 • Produce 1 ATP • Produce 2 CO2 • NOTE: One glucose molecule makes two pyruvate, so two Kreb’s cycles run from one glucose molecule C C C C 4-carbon acid

  16. Kreb’s Cycle: Step 3 1 NADH 1 FADH2 1 ATP • 4 carbon acid is rearranged and oxidized to form original oxaloacetate • Produce 3 NADH • Produce 1 FADH2 • Produce 1 ATP • Produce 2 CO2 • NOTE: One glucose molecule makes two pyruvate, so two Kreb’s cycles run from one glucose molecule C C C C oxaloacetate

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