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Understanding Bacteria, Viruses, and Prions: Size, Genetics, and Pathogenicity

This overview explores the characteristics of bacteria, viruses, and prions, focusing on their size, genetic properties, reproduction, and pathogenesis. Bacteria, which range from 500 nm to several micrometers, have diverse metabolism and gram types based on peptidoglycan content. Viruses, smaller in size (30 nm to several micrometers), rely on host machinery for reproduction and display distinct genetic types. The study of epigenetics reveals how gene expression changes without altering DNA. Additionally, the resistance of prions to traditional decontamination methods highlights the challenges they pose in disease control.

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Understanding Bacteria, Viruses, and Prions: Size, Genetics, and Pathogenicity

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  1. Topics in ten…

  2. Bacteria

  3. Bacteria

  4. Size (500nm – several um) Genetics (HGT) Gram type (peptidoglycan) Metabolism Reproduction Pathogenesis Bacteria

  5. Viruses

  6. Viruses

  7. Size (30nm – several um) Genetics - type Proteins – env, Reproduction Viruses

  8. Epigenetics:the study of changes in gene expression or cellularphenotype, caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence

  9. Epigenetics:the study of changes in gene expression or cellularphenotype, caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence

  10. Prions Prions are generally quite resistant to proteases, heat, radiation, and formalin treatments. Effective prion decontamination relies upon protein hydrolysis or reduction or destruction of protein tertiary structure. Examples include bleach, caustic soda, and strongly acidic detergents such as LpH. 134 °C (274 °F) for 18 minutes in a pressurized steam autoclave may not be enough to deactivate the agent of disease

  11. Prions

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