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CHAPTER 10 MEXICO

CHAPTER 10 MEXICO. SECTION 1 PAGE 220-225. I. MEXICO—TOTAL PHYSICAL LANDFORMS. A) MOUNTAINS DOMINATE THE CENTRAL REGION OF MEXICO 1) SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL —LOCATED IN THE WEST 2) SIERRA MADRE ORIENTAL –LOCATED IN THE EAST. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIyEvomUz14

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CHAPTER 10 MEXICO

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  1. CHAPTER 10 MEXICO SECTION 1 PAGE 220-225

  2. I. MEXICO—TOTAL PHYSICAL LANDFORMS • A) MOUNTAINS DOMINATE THE CENTRAL REGION OF MEXICO • 1) SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL—LOCATED IN THE WEST • 2) SIERRA MADRE ORIENTAL –LOCATED IN THE EAST. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIyEvomUz14 • B) BETWEEN THESE TWO RANGES SITS A FLAT LAND CALLED THE PLATEAU OF MEXICO • C) THE PENINSULA OF MEXICO LOCATED SOUTH OF CALIFORNIA. • 1) BAJA CALIFORNIA AND BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR • 2) CITY OF TIJUANA LOCATED HERE. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hdrIqa91lkg

  3. II. REGIONS OF MEXICO • A) HEARTLAND REGION—THE CENTRAL PLATEAU • 1) 80% OF POPULATION LIVES HERE • 2) SOUTHERN SECTION OF THIS AREA HAVE BEST FARMLAND • 3) NATURAL HAZARDS OF THIS REGION INCLUDE: • a) Earthquakes—(1985 Earthquake killed 10,000 in Mexico City) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNWCYG2MnC8 • 4) CLIMATE OF THIS REGION • a) ARID in the north • b) SOUTH has plenty of rainfall and milder climate • 5) CITIES OF THE REGION --MEXICO CITY(CAPITAL OF MEXICO) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcvdDnfXS2o • a.) IMMIGRANTS LOOKING FOR BETTER LIFE HAVE MOVED HERE CAUSED LARGE SLUM AREA IN MEXICO CITY

  4. B) COASTAL REGIONS • **NORTHERN PACIFIC COAST • 1) DRY, HOT AND NOT MANY PEOPLE • 2) GOOD FARMLAND BECAUSE OF IRRIGATION (DAMS ON RIVERS) • 3) BIGGEST CITY IS TIJUANA

  5. **SOUTHERN PACIFIC COAST • 1) LITTLE FARMING BECAUSE OF MOUNTAINS • 2) MAJOR RESORT CITIES OF ACAPULCO, PUERTO VALLARTA, AND MAZATLAN (TOURISM) SUPPORTS ECONOMY • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QyLjwMcHB0

  6. **GULF COASTAL PLAIN (GULF OF MEXICO) • 1) HIGE DEPOSITS OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS • 2) CREATES WEALTH FOR MEXICO

  7. **YUCATAN PENINSULA • 1) GENERALLY A FLAT AREA • 2) SOILS COVERS A LIMESTONE BEDROCK • (CAUSES EARTH TO DEVELOP SINKHOLES WHEN LIMESTONE DISSOLVES • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GA1H5bqayaY • 3) LARGEST CITY IS MERIDA, (500,000) • 4) RELY HEAVILY UPON TOURISM FOR THEIR ECONOMY.

  8. CHAPTER 10 MEXICOSECTION 2 PAGE 227-231 • I. HISTORY OF MEXICO • A) AZTEC EMPIRE OF THE 1400’S • 1) LOCATED IN SOUTH CENTRAL MEXICO • 2) TENOCHTITLAN WAS IT’S CAPITAL (WORLD’S LARGEST CITY?) • 3) OVER 60,000 AZTECS IN THIS CITY TRADING.

  9. B) SPANISH CONQUEST 1519-1521 • 1) SPANISH SOLDIER (CONQUISTADOR) HERNAN CORTES • CONQUERS AZTEC EMPIRE • 2) CLAIMS TERRITORY FOR SPAIN—CALLED IT NEW SPAIN

  10. C) NEW SPAIN—MADE UP OF FOUR SOCIAL GROUPS • 1) PENINSULARES—PEOPLE BORN IN SPAIN, WEALTHY LEADERS • 2) CRILLOS—PEOPLE OF SPANISH ANCESTORS BORN IN MEXICO OR THE AMERICAS • 3) MESTIZOS—PEOPLE OF MIXED RACES (SPANISH AND NATIVE PEOPLE) • 4) NATIVES—RANKED LOWEST, SOMETIMES ENSLAVEDWORKED ON SPANISH ESTATES OF LAND CALLED HACIENDAS • ***ECOMIENDA==A SYSTEM WHERE LANDOWNERS CONTROLLED SLAVES

  11. II) ROAD TO DEMOCRACY • A) THE HIDALGO REVOLUTION • 1) CRILLOS DID NOT LIKE PENINSULARES • 2) CRILLO PRIEST MIGUEL HIDALGO STARTS A REVOLUTION • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jv3MaXk9yeM • a) Mexico becomes independent from Spain by 1821 • 3) FOREIGN INVESTORS IN MEXICO HELPED COUNTRY GROW, BUT ONLY A FEW GOT ANY WEALTH

  12. B) MEXICAN REVOLUTION OF 1900’S • 1) 1910-1920—PEASANTS REBELLED AGAINST MILITARY RULERS • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HqTFvCtVgI • 2) DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT CREATED • 3) GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED BY 2 POLITICAL PARTIES • a) Institutional Revolutionary Party (IRP) 1920-2000 • b) National Action Party (PAN) 2000-2009 • 1) President Vicente Fox (2000-2006) • 2) Felipe Calderon (2006)

  13. III SOCIAL CONDITIONS TODAY • A) TRY TO PRESERVE HERITAGE • 1) SPANISH AS OFFICIAL LANGUAGES • 2) FREEDOM OF RELIGION-(MOST ARE ROMAN CATHOLIC)

  14. B) BREAKING UP THE 8000 HACIENDAS—LAND REDISTRIBUTION • 1) BROKEN INTO EJIDOS__FARMLAND OWNED BY A COMMUNITY • a) Practice Subsistent Farming—growing enough to survive. • 2) 1/3 OF ALL FARMS ARE COMPANY OR COMMERCIAL FARMS CALLED LATIFUNDIAS.

  15. C) MANY PEOPLE ARE UNABLE TO MAKE THEIR FARMS WORK • 1) BECOME MIGRANT WORKERS —PEOPLE WHO TRAVEL FROM PLACE TO PLACE TO HELP HARVEST CROPS FOR A WAGE. • a) Many cross legally and Illegally into the U.S. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fM6OyXHp3gk

  16. D) URBAN / CITY LIFE • 1) 3/4 OF MEXICO’S POPULATION LIVE IN CITIES ** MEXICO CITY THE LARGEST • a. Better Job Opportunities • b. More Educational Opportunities • c. More Excitement • 2) SOCIAL CLASSES OF MEXICO’S CITIES. • a) Upper Class—Wealthy, Educated, • b) Middle Class—Gov’t. workers, Business Owners, Professionals • c) Lower Class—Largest class, uneducated farm workers.

  17. IV. ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES • A. NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (NAFTA) • 1) Eliminates all trade barriers between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. • 2) Decreases unemployment, increases industry

  18. B. MAJOR INDUSTRIES OF MEXICO • 1) OIL INDUSTRY • a) Controlled by PEMEX—Gov’t owned oil company • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=inXpyaPvdu0&feature=related • b) Huge Reserves off coast of TAMPICO.

  19. 2) TOURISM. • a) Resort cities of ACAPULCO and CANCUN • b) SMOKELESS industry—causes no pollution

  20. 3) MAQUILADORAS-Border Industries between U.S. & Mexico • a) Build products sold mostly in the U.S. • b) Increased Employment and wages for people along the border. • c) Caused an increase in Pollution. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qA9BLyplhJw

  21. THE GROWING MEXICAN DRUG INDUSTRY • MEXICO HAS BEEN A GROWING SOURCE OF DRUG “CARTELS”. • THESE ORGANIZATIONS ARE MOVING DRUGS INTO THE U.S. AND AROUND THE WORLD. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyDHNeJxazU • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6EFsFAoAEMw

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