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Circulatory System

Discover the vital components of the circulatory system, including the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood cells. Learn about blood flow, functions of blood, platelets, lymphatic system, blood types, and disorders like anemia and leukemia.

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Circulatory System

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  1. Circulatory System Ch. 37.1-2

  2. The Heart

  3. Blood Vessels Arteries • Carries blood away from the heart. • Made of muscle tissue-very thick • (oxygen rich) Veins • Carry blood in to the heart • Not made of muscles-very thin • Uses valves to keep blood from flowing back • (oxygen poor) Capillaries • Smallest blood vessels • Connect arteries and veins

  4. Blood Vessels Connecting endothelium Arteriole Venule Capillaries smooth muscle smooth muscle endothelium endothelium connective tissue connective tissue Valve

  5. Blood Flow

  6. Circulation

  7. O2 rich blood to the body • Arteries-move blood away from heart • Veins-bring blood to heart O2 poor blood to the lungs O2 poor blood into heart O2 rich blood from the lungs into heart

  8. Videos • Blood Pump Song: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8LK34hoVpU&NR=1 • Blood Flow in the Heart: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mH0QTWzU-xI • Open Heart Surgery: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zxqj1BcBpIg

  9. Blood Notes

  10. F.Y.I. • 4-5 quarts of blood • 7-8% of human body weight • Blood Components • 55% plasma • 40-50% red blood cells • 1% white blood cells

  11. Make up of Blood

  12. FUNCTIONS of BLOOD • Transports nutrients and wastes • Distributes body heat • Delivers hormones • Helps fight disease

  13. Blood Cells

  14. Red Blood Cells • Carry oxygen to tissue • Remove Carbon Dioxide from tissue • Use hemoglobin & Iron to bind oxygen • Lack nucleus • High surface area

  15. White Blood Cells • Special cells that help fight infection • Many different types • Phagocytize foreign matter • Produce antibodies • HIV attacks these cells

  16. Leukocytes—White Blood Cells Leukocytes--WBCs

  17. Platelets • Special cells that cause blood to clot • Very small, fragment of RBCS • Release fibrinogen which creates scabs • Hemophilia- blood does not clot

  18. Scab formation Platelets Fibrin RBC’s

  19. Lymphatic System

  20. Lymphatic Structures • Lymph – fluid in lymph vessels • Lymph Nodes– densely packed tissue through which lymph flows • Tonsils – filter & destroy bacteria • Thymus Gland– produces hormones essential for maturing WBCs • Spleen – removes worn out RBCs, platelets & bacteria from blood

  21. The Lymphatic System“The bodies waste water treatment” Functions: • Stores, circulates & produces WBCs for Immune System • Returns fluid (plasma) that leaked out of capillaries back to blood stream 3. Collects intercellular fluid & cleans it before returning it to the blood stream

  22. Blood Types • Inherited proteins on the red blood cells-called antigens • - and + are also inherited; called Rh factor

  23. Human Blood Groups- multiple alleles 1. ABO Blood Groups a. Type A: A antigen, IA IA or IA I b. Type B: B antigen, IB IB or IB I c. Type AB: both A&B antigens, IA IB d. Type O: no antigens, ii

  24. Blood Type Transfusions Safe Transfusions Antigen on Red Blood Cell Phenotype (Blood Type Genotype To From From O type—universal donor (can donate blood to anyone) AB type—universal recipient (can receive blood from anyone)

  25. 2. Rh Blood Groups - dominance a. Rh+: has antigen b. Rh-: no antigen, recessive

  26. O Positive 38% A Positive 34% B Positive 9% O Negative 7% A Negative 6% AB Positive 3% B Negative 2% AB Negative 1%

  27. Blood Disorders • Anemia = iron deficiency which causes poor oxygen transport • Sickle-cell disease = misshape of RBC which causes clotting- inherited • Leukemia = cancer ofWBC’s

  28. The End! Read pgs 943-955

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