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Promoting Sanitation through PHAST: A Red Cross Initiative for Sustainable Health Solutions

This document outlines the PHAST (Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation) methodology used by the Red Cross to enhance sanitation promotion and hygiene education globally. With a target to provide sustainable sanitation solutions to 5 million people by 2015, the IFRC emphasizes the need for balanced funding between water and sanitation. The approach involves participatory techniques to address the specific needs of vulnerable groups and encourages collaboration among governments, donors, and communities. This initiative demonstrates a comprehensive approach to achieving impactful sanitation improvements.

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Promoting Sanitation through PHAST: A Red Cross Initiative for Sustainable Health Solutions

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  1. Strategies to promote sanitation: The use of PHAST in the RC/RC Movement. NGO Health Network SeminarCopenhagen, 30 April, 2013

  2. Ten years initiative (2005-2015) • Target of providing sustainable solutions to 5 million people over 10 years. • 15 million by 2015. We recognize that we need to catch up on sanitation coverage, which globally lags behind water by more than a factor of three. http://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/health/water-sanitation-and-hygiene-promotion/global-water-and-sanitation-initiative/

  3. Getting the balance right The IFRC calls on governments, donors, and communities to get the balance right between action on sanitation and on water. • Traditionally more focus on water supply. • According to GLAAS report (2010), funding for sanitation comprises 37% of total aid funding for the sanitation and water sector. http://www.ifrc.org/PageFiles/99218/1228400-Sanitation%20Advocacy%20paper-EN-LR%5b1%5d.pdf

  4. Sanitation approach within the Red Cross IFRC WatSan Policy (2003) • Sanitation promotion and hygiene education prior to the construction of facilities. • Participatory techniques such as PHAST, but open to other methods. • Special needs of women, children and other vulnerable groups. • Use of subsidies, linked to the PHAST process.

  5. What is PHAST? • It is an adaptation of SARAR methodology to the sanitation sector. • Developed by UNDP/World Bank in the nineties in East Africa. • It is follows a problem solving approach through a cycle of 7 steps. http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/envsan/phastep/en/

  6. PHAST in the Red Cross • PHAST has been promoted in the Red Cross since early 2000. • In around 40 countries, with more than 3.000 Red Cross volunteers trained. • PHAST master trainers in all continents. • Regional review workshops every 2 years. • PHAST manual translated in multiple lenguages. • PHAST toolkits produced for a great variety of contexts. • In 2004, IFRC published the software tools booklet which describes how PHAST is undertaken in the Red Cross.

  7. How does it work?

  8. Strengths • Gain of knowledge and ability to plan • Sense of owneship • Replicable and easy to scale up • Inclusion of women in decision-taking processes • Adapted to school environment (CHAST) and it has been used in emergency by the Red Cross. • Easily adptable to other diseases (malaria, HIV) and sectors (shelter, PASSA). • Standard format: easy to plan for resources

  9. Challenges • Long process. Risk of overwhelming communities and lose of interest. • Although highly replicable, it is not easy to scale up • It requires open proposals with no pre-fixed sanitation options. • Producing, testing and re-producing the PHAST toolkit is time consuming. • It is expensive • Lack of rigorous, strong scientific evaluations. Grey literature.

  10. Way forward for sanitation: from now on and beyond 2015 • Advocating for global support from all stakeholders; • Building further partnerships; • Improving impact assessment; • Ensuring sustainability; • Integration of sanitation and hygiene promotion into other sectors; • Exploring new sanitation promotional approaches;

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