Copy the following onto the top third of NB p. 35.

1. Copy the following onto the top third of NB p. 35. Class Notes 7.4 Advantage Advantage Advantage Advantage American Victory

2. Copy the following onto the bottom two-thirds of NB p. 35.

3. Lesson 7.4a: The Legacyof the War Today we will describe the circumstances surrounding the end of the Revolutionary War.

4. Vocabulary • circumstances – events or conditions related to another event • motivation – the reason for someone to act • interior – the part of a country that is away from the coast • foreign aid – help provided by another country

5. Check for Understanding • What are going to do today? • What were the circumstances surrounding the last time you received a gift? • Name a major city that is found in the interior of the United States. • What is one kind of foreign aid the United States provides to other countries? • What is your motivation for doing well in school?

6. What We Already Know In 1781, Lord Cornwallis surrendered to Washington at Yorktown, effectively ending the Revolutionary War.

7. What We Already Know Without the military and financial support of France, Washington’s victory at Yorktown would not have been possible. Rochambeau and Washington

8. What We Already Know Loyalists frequently faced harassment and even violence at the hands of Patriots.

9. Why the Americans Won • In November 1783, the last British ships and troops left New York City, and American troops marched in. • Weeping, Washington said good-bye to his officers in a New York tavern. • The Americans had won independence even though they faced many obstacles.

10. Why the Americans Won • The Continentals lacked training, experience, supplies, and weapons. • The British forces ranked among the best trained in the world. • They British had experience and good supplies. • Yet, the Americans had four advantages over the British.

11. Better Leadership • British generals were overconfident and made poor decisions. • By contrast, Washington learned from his mistakes.

12. Better Leadership • After early defeats, he developed the strategy of dragging out the war to wear down the British. • Despite many difficulties, he never gave up.

13. Foreign Aid • Britain’s rivals, especially France, helped America. • Foreign loans and military aid were essential to America’s victory.

14. Knowledge of the Land • The Americans knew the land where the war took place and used that knowledge well. • The British could control coastal cities but could not extend their control to the interior.

15. Better Motivation • The Americans had more reason to fight. • At stake were not only their lives but also their property and their dream of liberty.

16. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

17. 13. What advantages enabled the Americans to win the Revolutionary War? • Better leadership • A well-trained, well-equipped army • Knowledge of the land • Large numbers of Indian allies • Foreign aid • High motivation Choose all that are true!

18. The Treaty of Paris • The Treaty of Paris of 1783 was the peace treaty that ended the Revolutionary War. • It included six principal conditions.

19. The Treaty of Paris • The United States was an independent nation. • Its boundaries were the Mississippi River to the west, Canada to the north, and Spanish Florida to the south.

20. The Treaty of Paris This meant Britain would have to surrender its forts between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes.

21. The Treaty of Paris The United States would receive the right to fish in the Atlantic Ocean off Canada’s coast.

22. The Treaty of Paris • Each side would pay its debts to the other. • The British would return any slaves they had captured. • Congress would tell the states to return property they had seized from Loyalists.

23. The Treaty of Paris • Neither country lived up to the treaty. • Americans did not repay prewar debts to British merchants or return Loyalist property. • The British did not return slaves, and did not give up forts in the Great Lakes area.

24. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

25. 14. What were the conditions of the Treaty of Paris? • The boundaries of the United States would be the Mississippi River, Canada, and Spanish Florida. • The United States would give up its rights to fish off Canada's coast. • Each side promised to pay its debts. • Britain would return runaway slaves to Africa. • Congress would recommend that the states return properties to Loyalists. Choose all that are true!

26. Costs of the War • No one knows exactly how many people died in the war, but eight years of fighting took a terrible toll. • The British had about 10,000 military deaths.

27. Costs of the War • An estimated 25,700 Americans died in the war. • About 1,400 were missing, and another 8,200 were wounded. • Many of the wounded had permanent disabilities, such as amputated limbs.

28. Costs of the War • Many soldiers who survived the war left the army with no money. • They had received little or no pay for their service.

29. Costs of the War • Instead of back pay, the government gave some soldiers certificates for land in the West. • Many men sold that land to get money for food and other basic needs.

30. Costs of the War Both the Congress and the individual states had borrowed money to finance the conflict.

31. Costs of the War • Some of the money had been borrowed from foreign countries, and the rest from private citizens. • The war left the nation with a debt of about $27 million.

32. Costs of the War • Thousands of Loyalists lost their land and personal property. • Between 60,000 and 100,000 Loyalists left the United States, including several thousand African Americans and Native Americans.

33. Costs of the War • Most Loyalists went to Canada where they created new towns and new provinces. • They also brought English traditions to areas that had originally been settled by French colonists.

34. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

35. What were the major economic costs of the war? • Many soldiers without pay and facing huge debt after the war • A national debt of $27 million in war expenses • Money paid to Loyalists for damages to their property • A $45 million owed to Britain as payment for western land • Debts from borrowing money from foreign countries and private citizens Choose all that are true!

36. 15. How did the end of the war affect Loyalists? • Thousands lost land and personal property. • Most left North America and settled in England. • Thousands left the United States. • They were banned from serving in the new United States government. • Thousands sold their land to get money for food and other basic needs. Choose all that are true!