Copy the following onto the top ten lines of NB p. 43.

1. Copy the following onto the top ten lines of NB p. 43. Do NOT turn your notebook sideways!

2. On the next TWO LINES of NB–43, write the following phrases: • Constitutional Convention; New Jersey Plan; Annapolis Convention; • Virginia Plan; Great Compromise; Amend or replace the Articles? Complete the graphic organizer by writing these terms in the boxes above to show how each one led to the next.

3. Copy the following onto the rest of NB–43. Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Great Compromise Three-fifths Compromise

4. Copy these Study Questions on NB–41. 8.2 Study Questions 12–16 12. How did the New Jersey Plan differ from the Virginia Plan? 13. By what name is the Connecticut Compromise better known? 14. How did the Great Compro-mise settle the issue of representation in the legislature? 15. How did the Constitutional Convention reach a compromise on the issue of slavery? 16. According to the new Constitution, who had the power to regulate trade? Two–thirds One–third

5. Lesson 8.2b: Compromises at the Constitutional Convention Today we will discuss the compromises that were made to create our government.

6. Vocabulary • compromise – settlement of differences in which each side gives up part of what they want • delegate – person designated to act for or represent someone else • bicameral – having two branches, chambers, or houses

7. Check for Understanding • What are we going to do today? • What do we call our delegate who represents us in the U.S. Senate? • How many houses are there in a bicameral legislature? • If you and a friend want to spilt a pizza, how could you compromise on the toppings?

8. What We Already Know The Articles of Confederation intentionally created a government that was weak, so that it would not become a threat to the people’s rights.

9. What We Already Know Under the Articles of Confederation, each state had one vote in Congress, regardless of population.

10. What We Already Know In 1787, delegates from twelve states met in Philadelphia to discuss ways to improve the government.

11. The Convention Begins • The first order of business was to elect a president for the convention. • Every delegate voted for George Washington. • Washington’s quiet and dignified leadership set a solemn and serious tone for the convention.

12. The Convention Begins The delegates wanted to be able to consider all ideas and to be able to change sides in any debate without being pressured by the politics of the day.

13. The Convention Begins • The delegates also knew that many Americans were fearful of a strong government. • If the public knew they were trying to create a new, stronger government, there might be protests or even violence.

14. The Convention Begins • For these reasons, they decided that their discussions would remain secret. • To ensure privacy, the windows in their meeting room were kept shut even though it was summer. • Guards were posted outside the door to keep away the curious.

15. The Convention Begins With the secrecy rule approved, they got down to business.

16. The Virginia Plan • The Virginia Plan proposed a government that would have three branches. • The first branch of government was the legislature, which made the laws. • The second branch was the executive, which enforced the laws. • The third branch was the judiciary, which interpreted the laws. Edmund Randolph

17. Read aloud with me: • The Virginia Plan proposed a legislature with two houses. • In both houses, the number of representatives from each state would be based on the state’s population or its wealth. • A legislature divided into two houses is called a bicameral legislature.

18. The Virginia Plan Unlike the government under the Articles, Congress would have the power to levy taxes, regulate commerce, and make laws.

19. The Virginia Plan • The Virginia Plan led to weeks of debate. • States with larger populations supported the plan, since it would give them greater representation in the legislature.

20. Small states objected to the Virginia Plan. They worried that the larger states would end up ruling the other states.

21. The small states supported William Paterson’s New Jersey Plan. • His plan called for a one-house legislature, with each state having one vote, just they had under the Articles. • The New Jersey Plan left Congress almost as weak as it was under the Articles. William Paterson

22. The small states supported William Paterson’s New Jersey Plan. Even though the New Jersey Plan gave the legislature the power to regulate trade and to raise money by taxing foreign goods, it did not offer the broad powers proposed by the Virginia Plan. William Paterson

23. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

24. 12. How did the New Jersey Plan differ from the Virginia Plan? • The Virginia Plan was supported by most of the smaller states. • The New Jersey Plan would set up a one-house legislature. • The Virginia Plan would create a government with three branches. • The New Jersey Plan wanted representation in Congress to be based on population. • The Virginia Plan called for a strong central government. • The New Jersey Plan became the model for the government created by the Constitution. • The New Jersey Plan gave each state an equal vote in Congress. Choose all that are true!

25. During the rest of June, the delegates argued over representation in the legislature. • Emotions ran high as the delegates struggled for a solution. • In desperation, they selected a committee to work out a compromise. • The committee offered the Great Compromise.

26. The Great Compromise settled the issue. (The Great Compromise is also called the Connecticut Compromise.) What is a compromise? • To satisfy the smaller states, each state would have an equal number of votes in the Senate. • To satisfy the larger states, the committee set representation in the House of Representatives according to state populations.

27. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

28. The Connecticut Compromise is better known as the Great Compromise. The Three-fifths Compromise The Virginia Plan The New Jersey Plan The Great Compromise 13. By what name is the Connecticut Compromise better known?

29. 14. How did the Great Compromise settle the issue of representation in the legislature? • It created a House of Representatives that would be based on state populations. • It created a Senate in which each state would have an equal number of votes. • It ended the controversy of how slaves should be counted for representation. • It created a third house of Congress to create a balance between large and small states. Choose all that are true!