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Healthy dietary patterns: the ‘Nordic diet’ case

Healthy dietary patterns: the ‘Nordic diet’ case. Lieselotte Cloetens. Healthy Nordic diet. As alternative to Mediterranean diet?

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Healthy dietary patterns: the ‘Nordic diet’ case

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  1. Healthy dietary patterns: the ‘Nordic diet’ case Lieselotte Cloetens

  2. Healthy Nordic diet • As alternative to Mediterranean diet? • Acceptance of the Mediterranean diet has not been easy in other parts of the Western world (difficulties in changing dietary patterns, cultural differences in taste and limited accessibility to various foods)  better adherence of Nordic diet in Nordic countries • There are healthy Nordic food choices available • Health effects of Nordic diet need to be examined

  3. Systems biology in controlled dietary interventions and cohort studies, launched by NordForsk • 12 research groups from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland in a coordinated effort • To find out to what extent the healthy Nordic diet improves features of metabolic syndrome

  4. Study design N=96 N=70

  5. Key food items in the healthy Nordic diet Fish and lean meat Low-fat dairy products Whole-grain products Vegetables, fruits and berries Rapeseed oil, and - based margarines

  6. Dietary data (1) 8545 KJ 8540 KJ p<0.001 p<0.001

  7. Dietary data (2)

  8. Body weight, blood pressure and liver enzymes

  9. Glucose and insulin metabolism

  10. Serum lipids

  11. Apolipoproteins, LDL-C/HDL-C and Apo B/ApoA1 ratios

  12. Changes in adipokines and immunomarkers

  13. Conclusions • Nordic diet gave moderate health-beneficial effects on blood lipids • Nordic diet has an effect on inflammation, and long term consequences may be substantial in the development of chronic diseases • IL-1 Ra is a very sensitive marker for dietary intake of SFA • Healthy Nordic diet matters in terms of lowering CVD risk factors

  14. Dietary fibre intake Plasma alkylresorcinols Significant differences between groups at week 12 and 18/24 CONCLUSION: Good biomarker in a population consuming a healthy Nordic diet, in which whole-grain wheat and rye are important contributors to fiber intake and AR intake.

  15. Dietary beta-carotene Plasma beta-carotene No significant differences CONCLUSION: Plasma beta-carotene may not be a sensitive enough biomarker of foods in the healthy Nordic diet

  16. Biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk factors in SYSDIET (n=156) • Dietary biomarkers were assessed to reflect different key components of the ND: • Rapeseed oil  serum phospholipid a-linolenic acid • Fatty fish eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid • Vegetables  plasma b-carotene • Whole grains  plasma alkylresorcinols • High-fat dairy intake (expectedly low in the ND) serum pentadecanoic acid. • Biomarker rank score (DB score) was formulated • During the intervention: • alkylresorcinols, a-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA were >25% higher in the ND • pentadecanoic acid was 14% higher in controls • DB score was 57% higher in the Nordic diet • Participants who were more compliant based on the DB score appeared to have greater cardiometabolic benefits than non-compliant subjects.

  17. Statements • A nutritionally healthy diet originating somewhere such as Mediterranean Diet, may be composed with similar, but local foods and they would generally provide the same health benefits: • Olive oil  rapeseed oil; fruits and wine local fruits and berries • Diet is a food composition, where nutrients and other bioactive compounds interact to cause their resulting health (or disease) promoting effects • Peripheral anti-inflammatory effects are important mediators of systemic health effects caused by a healthy Nordic diet

  18. Acknowledgments LUND, Biomedical nutrition: SYSDIET consortium: Mona Landin-Olsson Matti Uusitupa Anna Johansson-Persson Marjukka Kolehmainen Matilda Ulmius Storm Ursula Schwab Hannah Helgegren Lars Dragsted Linda Jonsson Ulf Riserus Björn Åkesson Ingrid Dahlman Stine Ulven Inga Thorsdottir Kjeld Hermansen Knud Erik Bach Knudsen Karl-Heinz Herzig Markku Savolainen Grethe Iren Borge Carsten Carlberg And many others that are not mentioned here.

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