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Chapter Nine: Getting Ready

Chapter Nine: Getting Ready. Public Speaking - Unit One. How To Prepare for a Speech:. 1. Choose your topic. A specific category within a subject area Must be covered effectively in one speech & within time limit. Selecting an Interesting Topic. 2. Know your purpose.

uriah-jimenez
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Chapter Nine: Getting Ready

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  1. Chapter Nine:Getting Ready • Public Speaking - Unit One

  2. How To Prepare for a Speech:

  3. 1. Choose your topic • A specific category within a subject area • Must be covered effectively in one speech & within time limit

  4. Selecting an Interesting Topic

  5. 2. Know your purpose • Purpose – what you intend to achieve in your speech • General purpose – overall intent of your speech • inform, persuade, entertain/special occasion • Specific purpose – goal of speech, stated in a complete sentence

  6. How to State a Specific Purpose: • Express as a declarative sentence • State precisely • Make sure it contains only one idea • Include words that show your intent

  7. Ineffective: Calendars Full Infinitive Phrase

  8. More Effective: To inform my audience about the four major kinds of calendars used in the world today. Full Infinitive Phrase

  9. Ineffective: What is Día de los Muertos? Statement, Not Question

  10. More Effective: To inform my audience about the history of Mexico’s Día de los Muertos celebration. Statement, Not Question

  11. Ineffective: To persuade my audience that campus policy on student parking really stinks. Avoid Figurative Language

  12. Avoid Figurative Language More Effective: To persuade my audience that the campus policy on student parking should be revised to provide more spaces for students before 5 p.m.

  13. Ineffective: To persuade my audience to become literacy tutors and to donate time to the Special Olympics. One Distinct Idea

  14. More Effective: To persuade my audience to become literacy tutors. More Effective: To persuade my audience to donate time to the Special Olympics. One Distinct Idea

  15. Ineffective: To persuade my audience that something should be done about medical care. Avoid Being Vague

  16. More Effective: To persuade my audience that the federal government should adopt a system of national health insurance for all people in the United States. Avoid Being Vague

  17. 3. Write a central idea Central Idea - a complete sentence that expresses the speaker’s most important idea, or key point, about a topic • Guides the development of a speech

  18. Phrasing the Thesis Statement

  19. General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the three major races in alpine skiing. Central Idea: The three major races in alpine skiing are the downhill, slalom, and giant slalom. Example Outline

  20. Main Points: The first major race in alpine skiing is the downhill. The second major race in alpine skiing is the slalom. The third major race in alpine skiing is the giant slalom. Example Outline

  21. 4. Know your audience Audience - the people who will hear your speech Demographic Data - the defining characteristics of your audience • Includes age, educational background, cultural heritage

  22. 5. Know your occasion Occasion - includes the time, place, and other conditions that define the setting in which you will deliver the speech How to Think About the Occasion: • When will your speech be given? • Where will your speech be given? • What are the restrictions for your speech?

  23. 6. Support your thesis statement • Facts and Opinions • Fact - contains information that can be proved or verified by testing, by observing, or by consulting reference materials • Opinion - expresses personal beliefs or attitudes • Expert Opinion - a statement of belief about a subject from a person who is recognized as an authority on that subject

  24. Identifying Source of Testimony

  25. Examples and Illustrations • Example - a single instance that supports or develops a statement • Illustration - a detailed example

  26. Using Examples to Enhance Ideas

  27. Using Extended Examples

  28. Using Hypothetical Examples

  29. Anecdotes - brief, often amusing stories • Give information in a form that an audience will remember

  30. Statistics - numerical facts • Use carefully to add interest or emphasize a point

  31. Making Statistics Meaningful

  32. Using Statistics in Combination

  33. Comparison - a statement that shows the similarities between people, places, things, events, or ideas. • Figurative Comparison - imaginatively shows similarities between things that are essentially not alike. • Literal Comparison - shows the real similarities between things that are essentially alike • Contrast - highlights the differences between two things

  34. Definitions - explains what a word or a concept means. • Descriptions - a word picture of a person, place, thing, or event • Quotation - expresses someone’s exact words

  35. SUMMARY • GETTING READY for a speech involves a systematic approach to selecting a suitably limited topic, developing a thesis statement, and finding information to support your thesis. • 1. Identify subject areas. • 2. Determine your topic. • 3. Identify your general purpose. • 4. Write a thesis statement. • 5. Consider the makeup of your audience. • 6. Determine the significance of the occasion. • 7. Support your thesis statement.

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