1 / 38

AUTOMOBILE HISTORY

AUTOMOBILE HISTORY. First automobile developed in 1860’s in Europe. By 1900 cars gaining some reliability. All cars are hand made costing $10,000.00 Henry Ford’s better ideas: Interchangeable parts Mass production using an assembly line. MASS PRODUCTION OF AUTOMOBILES.

uriah-hood
Download Presentation

AUTOMOBILE HISTORY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. AUTOMOBILE HISTORY • First automobile developed in 1860’s in Europe. • By 1900 cars gaining some reliability. • All cars are hand made costing $10,000.00 • Henry Ford’s better ideas: • Interchangeable parts • Mass production using anassembly line

  2. MASS PRODUCTION OF AUTOMOBILES Mass production reduces the cost of automobiles to $200.00. There are now 200,000,000 vehicles in the U.S. alone.

  3. Four Basic Parts of Vehicles • Engine or power plant • Chassis or framework • Drive Train • Body

  4. Compression system Valve train Fuel system Ignition system Lubricating system Cooling system Starting system Charging system Emission controls Exhaust system Engine Systems

  5. Engine Block & Head(s) • Compression system lower end • Harnesses the power of burning gasoline • Valve train top end • Lets in and out the fuel charges to be burned

  6. Fuel System • Old cars used a carbureted system. • Cars now use fuel injection. • The purpose of the fuel system is to store, move and deliver the fuel and air in the proper proportion to the engine.

  7. Ignition System • Ignition systems are electronically computer controlled • The purpose is to deliver a high voltage spark (20,000 volts) to cylinders at the right time to ignite the fuel. • Spark plugs /wires /coil/distributor/COIL PACK

  8. Computer • Recent innovation • Controls • Fuel, • ignition, • Emission • suspension

  9. Lubrication System • Force feed or pressure fed system • Via an oil pump • Provides lubrication and protection for all the metal parts inside the engine • Oil pump/ • pan • galleries

  10. Cooling System • Liquid cooled system • Provides protection from the excessive heat which builds up inside the cylinder • Radiator, water jacket, hoses, thermostat, heater core, fan

  11. Starting System • Uses a battery and electric starting motor (cranking motor) to crank over the engine for starting • Battery • Cranking motor • Solenoid • Key switch • Wires

  12. Charging System • The charging system has two functions: • 1 – To recharge the battery after starting. • 2 – To provide all the electricity for the vehicle while the engine is running. • The battery provides power while the engine is not running • Battery/alternator/voltage regulator

  13. Exhaust System • Removes gases from engine • Quiets vehicle • Provides back pressure • Exhaust manifold • Crossover • Tail pipe • Muffler • Resonator

  14. Emission Controls • To clean up the air pollution caused by the automobile. • Capture any vapor which might escape the the fuel tank and engines crankcase. • Clean up exhaust for any un burnt fuel, carbon monoxide, or oxides of nitrogen. • Many types of devices are employed. • PCV/Catalytic convertor/gas cap/EGR

  15. Fuel Tank Vapor Recovery • Captures the vapor of gasoline from the fuel tank. • The charcoal canister holds them . • When the engine runs the vapors are sucked into the engine and burned.

  16. Catalytic Converter • One of the most important emission controls on the car. • Literally burns up pollution in the exhaust system.

  17. Automobile Bodies • Most made of stamped steel parts • A few cars made of aluminum (NSX Cadillac Allenta) • Some use composite materials (Saturn or GM Minivan)

  18. Chassis or Frame • Under lying structure of all vehicles • Three types of frame: • 1 – Full frame • 2 – Unitized frame called unibody • 3 – Space frame

  19. Full Frame Chassis • Uses welded steel alloy metal • C-channel or box frame construction • Note engine cradle in front and rear axle hump in rear • Used on large cars and most all trucks • Body made in separate unit and bolted to chassis

  20. Unitized Body Construction • Called Unibody • All body and frame parts welded together • Light weight but strong structurally • Most cars use this construction

  21. Space Frame Construction • Newest type of construction • Hybrid unibody • Used on race cars first but now used in passenger cars • Many use plastic fenders and body panels

  22. Chassis Related Systems • Braking system • Suspension system • Steering system

  23. Braking System • The purpose of the braking system is of course, to stop the car. • Brakes are used on all wheels and is hydraulically operated. • Two common types of brake assemblies are used. • Disc Brakes • Drum Brakes

  24. Disc Brakes • Uses a rotor that spins with the wheel and a stationary caliper to press friction material against the spinning rotor. • Used on most all front brakes and some rear brakes.

  25. Drum Brakes • Uses a drum which spins with the wheel. Stationary brake shoes are pressed out from the inside to cause friction. • Used on rear brakes of many cars.

  26. Helps driver stop under control Keeps brakes from locking up Pulses brakes Enables car to be turned *Does not replace hydraulic brakes Does not make vehicle stop faster Does not work if brake petal is pumped ABS Anti-Lock Braking System

  27. Suspension System • Uses springs and shock absorbers to provide a good ride and improved handling. • Coil & leaf springs, torsion bars and air suspension are all used. • Most shock absorbers are hydraulic or gas operated. • Stop bouncing action • Struts

  28. Independent Suspension • Allows each wheel to move up and down independently with out effect from the opposite wheel. • Used on most all front wheels and many rear wheels now.

  29. Straight Axle • Wheels are held together on a common axle. • Very rugged but poor on handling. • Used mostly on the rear wheels.

  30. Steering System • Two types used: • Conventional or parallelogram steering used on larger cars and trucks. • Rack and pinion steering used on most cars. • Conventional on trucks, SUV, BIG VEHICLES

  31. Drive train • Takes the engines torque and sends to the drive wheels. • Major types are: front wheel drive, rear wheel drive, four wheel drive and all wheel drive. • Major components of all drive trains: clutch, transmission, differential, and drive shaft(s).

  32. Drive Train Components • Basic purpose is to get the engines torque to the wheels. • Clutches used with manual transmissions a torque converter used with automatics. • Disconnects engine from transmission • Transmission/transaxle • Drive shafts and drive axles. • Differentials

  33. Front Wheel Drive • All drive train components under the hood (transaxle) • Reduces weight and size of vehicle • Good traction in rain and snow

  34. Front Wheel Drive

  35. Rear Wheel Drive • Components spread from front to rear • Transmission • Heavier than FWD cars • Poor handling in rain and snow • Better traction for performance purposes

  36. Four Wheel Drive 4X4 • Used primarily on trucks • Drive all four wheel when engaged • Heavy, poor fuel economy • Excellent traction on rain, snow or off road conditions

  37. All Wheel Drive • Front wheel drive power train connected to a drive shaft in the transaxle running to a conventional rear axle assembly.

  38. Identifying Vehicles • Reading the V.I.N. • 17 digit code located at the lower left corner of the windshield. • On Firewall

More Related