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Store UNDER DESK

Store UNDER DESK. 6. Unit 2: Business Resources. Costs and Break Even. Michelle Hopkinson. At the end of the session all learners will be able to:. Identify different types of costs for a given business scenario Discuss how costs impact on profit and sales

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Store UNDER DESK

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  1. Store UNDER DESK 6

  2. Unit 2: Business Resources Costs and Break Even Michelle Hopkinson

  3. At the end of the session all learners will be able to: • Identify different types of costs for a given business scenario • Discuss how costs impact on profit and sales • Correctly calculate break even points for business scenarios In addition some more able learners may be able to: • Analyse the impact of costs on the financial performance of a business

  4. Types of costs Variable Costs VC expenses that change depending on output (ie sales) Eg. Raw materials, packaging, utilities, wages Fixed Costs FC expenses that do not change, irrespective of output. These are linked to time rather than on the level of business activity Eg. Rent, insurance, salaries

  5. Activity

  6. Impact of costs on profit • A business deducts REVENUE from TOTAL COSTS to determine profit • Fixed costs are ‘spread’ across how many units are sold, so if they sell low numbers, FC must still be paid for from elsewhere • This is why FC are kept low (OR changed to VC such as wages) • A business uses the above (based on how many they think they will sell) to make sure their selling price will pay off all costs Eg. Selling 1,000 units at £20 each. VC £5, FC £10,000 Revenue £20,000 (1,000 x £20) Costs 15,000 (1,000 x 5 plus 10,000) Profit 5,000

  7. Maximising income/revenue • How can a business maximise income? • Increasing the selling priceof product • Reduce the costs • Reduce the price to dramatically increase sales • Increasing sales by marketing activity (this could lead to employing more sales staff, promotional costs) • Break even will help decide if the above are a good idea

  8. Break Even – what is it? • In pairs, discuss what you think break even is • Create a definition (one sentence)

  9. Break Even Point (BEP) • The point in a business where costs EQUALS sales • This provides a business with it’s first target of covering all costs • Any sales beyond this are profit • For example: • Fixed costs are £100,000, variable costs per unit are £10, selling at £20 per unit BEP = £100,000 (£20 - £10) = 10,000 units to sell BEP formula: Fixed Costs Contribution (SP-VC)

  10. Let’s have a go • Open the activity on Moodle called ‘Munchbox’ • Calculate the BEP for each scenario

  11. Margin of Safety (MOS) • The Margin of Safety (MOS) is the difference between the planned level of sales and the BEP • This helps the business identify the amount of units sales can fall before the business starts to make a loss • Example if the BEP was 10,000 but they felt confident (and had planned) to sell 12,000 the MOS would be 12,000 – 10,000 = 2,000 units

  12. Recap objectives • Identify different types of costs for a given business scenario • Discuss how costs impact on profit and sales • Correctly calculate break even points for business scenarios • Questions?

  13. Next lesson • Break even charts • Assignment

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