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WHY SOUTH AFRICAN CITIES ARE DIFFERENT? Comparing rea vaya with its latin American siblings

This article explores the unique characteristics of South African cities and compares the Rea Vaya integrated rapid public transport network program with similar programs in Latin American cities. It analyzes the differences in urban form, density, travel demand patterns, and operational indicators, providing recommendations for context-sensitive public transport solutions in South Africa.

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WHY SOUTH AFRICAN CITIES ARE DIFFERENT? Comparing rea vaya with its latin American siblings

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  1. WHY SOUTH AFRICAN CITIES ARE DIFFERENT? Comparing rea vaya with its latin American siblings

  2. INTEGRATED RAPID PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK PROGRAMS • BRT inspired by Latin American Cities’ BRT model for dense cities • Most CAPEX with National Funds. • Expectations of no/reduced OPEX subsides • Joburg, Cape Town, NMB and Tshwane launched IRPTN service. Other to follow. Source: http://mimoa.eu/images/26501_l.jpg Source: MyCiti

  3. REA VAYA

  4. Rea vaya Source: Rea Vaya

  5. South Africa’s unique urban form Apartheid-legacy urban form. Post-1994: spatial segregation has remained stark. City core with employment and opportunities High-density low-income “townships” Low density suburbs with single family detached housing

  6. Gauteng’s DENSITY MAP Source: Compiled from difference sources

  7. SOUTH AFRICAN CITIES, INCLUDING JOBURG, ARE NOT LIKE LATIN AMERICAN CITIES Latin American Cities are typically dense, South African cities are not.

  8. LATIN AMERICAN CITIES DENSItY MAPS BOGOTA, COLOMBIA SAO PAULO, BRAZIL MEXICO CITY Source: http://brandondonnelly.com/post/140880939048/residential-population-densities-compared Source: LSE Cities. https://lsecities.net/media/objects/articles/measuring-density/en-gb/ http://brandondonnelly.com/post/140880939048/residential-population-densities-compared

  9. JOBURG TRIPS ARE NOT LIKE THOSE FOR LATIN AMERICAN CITIES • South Africa metros: long, unidirectional, highly concentrated peak travel. • South Africa paratransit: Mature vs. LAC. And very capable of providing long distance, one-seat rides quickly adapting to market and urban form.

  10. AND… REA VAYA is not like her lac siblings (I) While some indicators may not be comparative outliers…

  11. AND… REA VAYA is not like her lac siblings (Ii) • Other indicators definitely are comparative outliers (ii)

  12. AND… REA VAYA is not like her lac siblings (III) • Other indicators definitely are comparative outliers (iii) * Using bus operating cost as defined in South Africa: Payment to operators for all costs of contract, including overheads, labor, fuel, tires, and vehicle maintenance.

  13. AND… REA VAYA is not like her lac siblings (Iv) 1.7 2.8 8.9 • Other indicators definitely are comparative outliers (iv)

  14. AND… REA VAYA is not like her lac siblings (v) • Vs. < 3 times (LAC Siblings)

  15. AND… REA VAYA is not like her lac siblings (vI) TRANSMILENIO (BOGOTA, COLOMBIA) REA VAYA (JOHANNESBURG, SA)- Data 2014 METROLINEA (BUCARAMANGA, COLOMBIA) • Other indicators definitely are comparative outliers (iv)

  16. SO could we characterize rea vaya as a commuter bus service? FAIRFAX COMMUTER BUSES (VA. USA) REA VAYA (JOHANNESBURG, SA)- Data 2015 LONDOUN COMMUTER BUS (VA. USA) • And if so, which BRT features are the most valuable?

  17. KEY takeaways • Joburg (and South Africa’s) travel demand patters and urban form are structurally different to LAC cities- and so should their BRTs • Structural differences are unequivocally reflected in operational and performance indicators Source: LSE Cities. https://lsecities.net/media/objects/articles/measuring-density/en-gb/ http://brandondonnelly.com/post/140880939048/residential-population-densities-compared

  18. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SOUTH AFRICA (i) • Any PT solution introduced in SA must be context sensitive • For Joburg, structural attributes of travel demand and urban form dictate that there need to be some degree of OPEX subsidies to run it (as designed) • Lessons apply to ANY MODE (rail, trams, BRT, etc.): • Context-sensitive service plan • Axiomatic assumptions (e.g. BRT = Fare recovery) have serious policy implications

  19. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SOUTH AFRICA (iI) • BRT “flexibility of bus service” features would be more critical than BRT “Mas-level transit capacity” attributes. • Multi-modalism AND integration as a response to demand patterns. Demand-responsive services (e.g. minibus taxis/e-hauling) for low density environment • BRT does, and should continue to have a role in SA mobility

  20. IF YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE information… http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/487841496920482443/pdf/115786-BRI-TransportICTConnectionsNoteweb-PUBLIC.pdf

  21. WHY SOUTH AFRICAN CITIES ARE DIFFERENT? Comparing rea vaya with its latin American siblings THANK YOU

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