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Rhine Water Quality Monitoring: Graphical Presentation for Decision-Making

This graphical presentation of water quality data in the Rhine basin aims to provide an overview of water quality trends over time and space. The mission is to ensure source water quality that allows for drinking water production with simple treatment. The umbrella organization, RIWA/IAWR, monitors water quality at various locations, detects trends, and tests compliance with legal standards. The data presentation includes text, graphs, tables, and executive summaries. The color-coded graphs show changes in water quality over time and space, aiding in identifying improvements or deteriorations at a glance. Compliance ratios and trends are used to classify the status of water quality development. This tool is designed for decision-makers and water quality analysts to easily interpret and act upon the information provided.

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Rhine Water Quality Monitoring: Graphical Presentation for Decision-Making

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  1. A graphical presentation of WQ datain time and space Dr Peter G Stoks RIWA/IAWR

  2. Association of Rhine Water worksDutch nat’l level: RIWAInternat’l Rhine basin level: IAWRMission: Source water quality should allow drinking water production using simple treatment only!

  3. IAWRUmbrella organizationof 3 AssociationsRIWA: NetherlandsARW: lower GermanyAWBR: upstream Germany, Switzerland120 utilities30 million consumers

  4. RIWA WQ monitoring network(part of IAWR basinwide network) • Cooperation with Nat’l Dutch and German water authorities • Harmonized program (WQ variables, methods, data exchange,…) • Five locations in the Dutch part of the Rhine basin • German-Dutch border, intake sites • Trend detection and compliance testing • “legal standards” & “emerging contaminants” • Chemical & biological

  5. WQMN Data presentation Historically as annual WQ reports Text, graphs, tables Executive summaries containing demands and/or recommendations Shift observed in target group’s WQ background

  6. Need for simple WQ overview at a glance Most current graphs plot 2 or 3 dimensions of a single WQ variable - change over time at given location - change over time in space

  7. 2 dimensions: conc versus time MTBE at NL / G border

  8. 3 dimensions: conc versus time in spaceA pharmaceutical in the Rhine

  9. Solution:Color palettes combining locations and variables allows for basinwide overview of multiple variables color indicates WQ development over time WQ improvement or deterioration at a glance area coverage indicates accuracy of statements The less data, the less area coverage

  10. Area coverage indicates reliability based on number of data

  11. The procedure - 1 for 5 consecutive years determine the compliance ratio classify each year as “Good” (ratio < 0.5), “Moderate” (ratio 0.5 – 1.0), or “Bad” (ratio > 1.0)

  12. Compliance ratio max value of variable rmax= divided by its WQstandard (or objective)

  13. The procedure - 2 determine trend over the 5 years’ period reduce total dataset to quarterly averages calculate trend & classify as “Good” (negative trend*), “Stable” (no trend) or “Bad” (positive trend) *not for oxygen

  14. Trenddetermined using a STAT-package (modified linear regression model, 95% conf interval)

  15. Combining compliance ratio and trendyields Status Good status: - compliance ratio “good” and trend stable - compliance ratio “moderate” and trend improving Bad status: - compliance ratio “bad” and trend stable - compliance ratio “moderate” and trend deteriorating Moderate status: - all other combinations

  16. Status on the Rhine(2000-2004 data) > 4 data 4 – 8 data good 9 – 19 data moderate > 19 data bad

  17. Summary Standard violations and trends can be presented for a single variable at different locations over time for several variables at a fixed location over time Status (=WQ development over 5 year period) can be presented - for several variables at different locations simultaneously

  18. Summary (continued) Use primarily for non-expert decision makers Also: triggers WQ analist about curious events - software built into database management system

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