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RFID Security

RFID Security. Current Applications. Logistics Military supply logistics Gulf War I: Double orders to ensure arrival Gulf War II: RFID makes supply chain reliable Proctor & Gamble Elimination of dock bottleneck: fast loading of palettes onto trucks

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RFID Security

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  1. RFID Security CSE 7349

  2. Current Applications • Logistics • Military supply logistics • Gulf War I: Double orders to ensure arrival • Gulf War II: RFID makes supply chain reliable • Proctor & Gamble • Elimination of dock bottleneck: fast loading of palettes onto trucks • Inventory control (i.e., theft-prevention) • Air Canada • tracking of food carts • Gillette • Tracking Mach3 razor blades • Ordered 3 million • Refining the retail experience • Payment technologies • Exxon/Mobil • Speedpass CSE 7349

  3. Future Applications • Maintaining shelf stocks in retail environments • Tagging pets • Proximity badges for building access • Clothing – anti-forgery, customer returns • Parenting logistics • Water park uses RFID bracelets to track children • “Smart” appliances • Refrigerators that automatically create shopping lists • Ovens that know how to cook pre-packaged food • “Smart” products • Clothing, appliances, CDs tagged for store returns • “Smart” paper • Airline tickets that indicate your location in the airport • Library books • Business cards • Recycling • Plastics that sort themselves CSE 7349

  4. RFID Viability • Expensive tags were OK for high tickets • Price has to go below 0.05$ • A recent purchase involved 500 million tags purchased by retialer • Once viable (as predicted) RFID could be the most widely deployed chip • Promise is to replace the 5 billion barcode scans/day CSE 7349

  5. Basic Components • RFID Tag • Transponder • Located on the object to be identified • RFID Reader • Transceiver • Can read and write data to Tag • Data Processing Subsystem • Connects to reader CSE 7349

  6. Security Issues • Privacy • Business • Personal • Denial of service • Incorrect information • Forgeries CSE 7349

  7. Cost-Security Trade-off • Low cost • Low intelligence (up to 5000 gates) • Low storage (few hundred bits) • Low range (few meters) • Security • AES needs 20-30 thousand gates • Hash such as SHA-1 also needs similar order • TEA algorithm still not feasible CSE 7349

  8. Forward and Backward Channels CSE 7349

  9. Hash-Based Access Control CSE 7349

  10. Randomized Access Control CSE 7349

  11. Anti-Collision Algorithms • Probabilistic • Tags respond in randomly generate times • Slotted Aloha scheme • Deterministic - Binary tree-walking scheme • Space of k-bit identifiers • k-bit identifiers leaves in a tree of depth k • Reader sorts through tags based on tag-ID • Traverses tree asking subsets of tags to broadcast a single bit at a time. • RFID reader broadcasts tag serial numbers over very large distances • May introduce vulnerability to eavesdropping. CSE 7349

  12. Silent Tree Walking CSE 7349

  13. Other Measures • Proactive detection of intruders • Chaffing and Winnowing • Confidentiality without encryption • Deliberate DoS for privacy CSE 7349

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