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Chapter 30 The Rise of Dictatorships

Chapter 30 The Rise of Dictatorships. Post war Changes. Crisis of Democracy in the West. Rebuilding war torn countries…WWI Finding jobs for returning vets Huge debt Pursuit of Peace. Who Would You Vote For?.

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Chapter 30 The Rise of Dictatorships

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  1. Chapter 30 The Rise of Dictatorships

  2. Post war Changes

  3. Crisis of Democracy in the West • Rebuilding war torn countries…WWI • Finding jobs for returning vets • Huge debt • Pursuit of Peace

  4. Who Would You Vote For? Contestant #1 I am a womanizer, have self-interested policies and unfortunately suffer from ailing health. Contestant #2I have a drinking habit and a defiant tongue or attitude Contestant #3I am a decorated war hero, do not drink and want to create a stable economy

  5. Who Did You Vote For? Contestant #3 Contestant #2 Contestant #1

  6. Black Tuesday 1929- stock market crashes Treaty of Versailles Great Depressionduring 1930s Totalitarianism Increasing influence of new political parties that emphasize state control-For example: Communism, Nazism, Fascism Total Controlof State by aDictator

  7. Totalitarianism

  8. Totalitarianism • Government establishes complete control of all aspects of the state(political, military, economy, social, cultural) • Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies, uniforms) • Strict controls and laws • Military state (secret police, army, military) • Censorship (opposing literature and ideas) • Propaganda (media – radio, newspapers, posters) • One leader (dictator); charismatic • Total conformity of people to ideas and leader • Terror and Fear

  9. Fascism • I am Benito Mussolini the leader (Il Duce) of Italy from 1922 to 1943. • What is Fascism? • RIGHT WING • intense nationalism and elitism • totalitarian control • interests of the state more important than individual rights • maintain class system and private ownership Interesting Fact: Fascism name was derived from the fasces, an ancient Roman symbol of authority consisting of a bundle of rods and an ax

  10. Common ideals of Fascism • Government run by dictator • Nationalistic • Imperialistic • Militaristic • Racist • Kill all opposition

  11. Nazism • I am Adolf Hitler the leader (der Fuhrer) or dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945. • What is Nazism? • extremely fascist , nationalistic and totalitarian • based on beliefs of the National Socialist German Workers Party • belief in the racial superiority of the Aryan, the “master race” • belief that all Germans should have “lebensraum” or living space in Europe • Violent hatred towards Jews and blamed Germany’s problems on them

  12. Weimar Republic In Germany • New democratic gov’t setup in the city of Weimar. • Politically weak • Many economic problems caused by the Versailles Treaty • Weak tradition of democracy

  13. Factors explaining the Nazi rise to power

  14. Hitler takes control in Germany

  15. Rise of Nazis • 1928:12 seats. • 1930:107 seats; popular vote from 800,000 to 6.5 million. • 1932: 230 seats. • Hitler named Chancellor on January 30, 1933 Calls for new election. • Week before election day the Reichstag building caught fire. • Nazis blamed it on the Communists. • Took dictatorial powers suspended freedom of speech/press.

  16. Party Representation in the Reichstag • May 1928: 12 • Sept: 1930: 108 • July 1932: 230 • Nov. 1932: 196 • Mar. 1933: 288 • Nov. 1933: 661 • Other Parties in the Reichstag: Communists, Socialist, State, Bavarian peoples, Catholic Center, Economic, German National Peoples, German People

  17. Fascism • Political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism, denial of individual rights,and a dictatorial one party system. • State above the individual/loyalty to the state/militarism/censorship/state control of the economy/ultra nationalism

  18. Benito Mussolini (Il Duce)

  19. Rise of Japanese Militarists • Resentment over Versailles treaty • Loss of tradition • The Great Depression • Loss of trade/ high unemployment • Need for raw materials

  20. Effects of rise of militarists • Imperialism need raw materials to fuel industrial growth • More respect for emperor • Invasion of Manchuria/ withdraws from League of Nations • Loss of democratic freedoms

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