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Vietnam

Vietnam. Dualism – North and South Industrial North, Agricultural South Chinese (Confucianism), Buddhism Yolk. French Indochina. History of Domination and oppression Chinese French Indochina 1862 capture Saigon 1875 France has unified N & S 1940 Japanese invade Vietnam.

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Vietnam

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  1. Vietnam • Dualism – North and South • Industrial North, Agricultural South • Chinese (Confucianism), Buddhism • Yolk

  2. French Indochina • History of Domination and oppression • Chinese • French Indochina • 1862 capture Saigon • 1875 France has unified N & S • 1940 Japanese invade Vietnam

  3. Ho Chi Minh • Nguyen Sinh Cung • 1890 Nghe An province • Educated in Hue and Saigon • Teacher in Village school 1909 • 1911 travels 30 years

  4. Ho Chi Minh • U.S., U.K. • France • Political Education • Versailles 1919, Appeal to U.S. • USSR • Communist University of the Toilers of the East • China • Marries: he’s 21 she’s 36

  5. Vietminh • 1940 Japan invades Vietnam • Returns to Vietnam 1941 disguised as Chinese journalist • Inspired by nationalists changes name. Ho Chi Minh = “He who has been enlightened” • May 19, 1941 • Viet Nam Doc Lap Gong Minh -“The League for the Independence of Vietnam” • Vo Nguyen Giap – the muscle behind nationalist movement

  6. WWII • 85% Vietnam population with Vietminh • U.S. Army trains and supplies… • 1945 North Vietnam famine • August 16, uprising • Hanoi Captured • August 22, Control Vietnam • August 30, depose emperor Bao Dai

  7. Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) • President Ho Chi Minh • September 2, 1945 – proclamation of independence • “We hold these truths to be self evident....” • Appeal to U.S. for recognition…

  8. The First Indochina War • Truman refuses to recognize the DRV • French replace Japanese in South • Vietminh control North • Not Communists, nationalists. • Popular • Free education, universal suffrage, labor laws • 1946 shelling of Haiphong

  9. First Indochina War • 1948 Bao Dai returns • 1949 Mao victory • 1950 • Bao recognized by Truman • Ho Chi Minh meets Mao… • 1954 • U.S. picking up 78% of tab

  10. Dien Bien Phu • February 1954 – negotiations begin at Geneva • French attempt to cut supply lines near Dien Bien Phu • March 13 – 13,00 French surrounded • Devolves into trench warfare • French perimeter shrinks • May 7 – French surrender • Vietminh- guerilla to organized army

  11. 1954 Geneva Accords • French hold out at Dien Bien Phu for negotiation leverage… • 17th parallel split • North – DRV • South – State of Vietnam under Bao • Failure of 1956 nationwide elections leads to Second Indochina war…

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