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Astronomy 101 Planetarium Lab

Astronomy 101 Planetarium Lab. Instructor: Brian Pohl ConOps: Craig Zdanowicz www.physics.unc.edu/~bpohl/ YOU MAY SIT WHERE YOU WISH (except for the front row and the south section). Administrative Stuff. This is the last required lab Due next Wednesday (Apr .1 st ), no foolin!

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Astronomy 101 Planetarium Lab

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  1. Astronomy 101 Planetarium Lab Instructor: Brian Pohl ConOps: Craig Zdanowicz www.physics.unc.edu/~bpohl/ YOU MAY SIT WHERE YOU WISH (except for the front row and the south section)

  2. Administrative Stuff • This is the last required lab • Due next Wednesday (Apr .1st), no foolin! • Next lab is the Make-up Lab (optional) • 2 weeks hence: ( Apr. 13th, 14th ) • I will have my last office hours on Monday and Tuesday Apr. 20th and 21st (see last slide for details) • Makeup lab due Wednesday Apr. 22nd • Evaluations at end of lab today

  3. Measurement in Astronomy

  4. Angles in the Sky & Time

  5. Size of the Earth & Location on the Earth

  6. Motions of the Planets

  7. Night Lab Measurements • Coordinates and the Motion of Stars, quantitatively • Relative brightness of the stars • Size of planets • Structure of the surface of the Moon • The Spectrum of Hydrogen • Perhaps the Doppler shift, again from the Spectrum • Possibly the physics of craters and meteors

  8. Variable Brightness

  9. May I present the Zeiss show!!

  10. Intrinsic variables • Changes in brightness caused by physical changes inside stars themselves • Two types • Pulsating (what we’ll deal with today) • Eruptive

  11. Pulsating stars Expansion and contraction of surface Pressure and gravity are not in equilibrium Smooth change in light curve Note: The smaller a single star is physically, the brighter

  12. Extrinsic variables • Changes in brightness are apparent • Two types • Eclipsing binaries (what we’ll deal with today) • Rotating stars • Eclipsing binary • Changes in brightness caused from eclipses of two stars as they orbit each other

  13. Primary eclipse happens when hottest star goes behind Note: a higher mass star is smaller in size

  14. Magnitude Magnitude system - use certain stars as brightness standards a higher magnitude is a fainter object Apparent magnitude - measure of how bright a star appears at earth, regardless of distance Absolute magnitude - apparent magnitude it would have if star were placed at distance of 10 parsecs Bright Less Bright Dim Dimmer Dimmest 1 2 3 4 5

  15. Lab Write Up • No percent errors • Still need 2 sources of error! • “Skill” of mag. Meas. • Only rewrite data or calculations if neatness is an issue • Graphs - label period, axes, connect points • Make sure magnitude goes in correct direction! • Answer questions on pages 59&60 • Incorporate these into your conclusion section

  16. Some physical considerations • What are we trying to measure? • Magnitudes? Yes • But! The physical cause of the variability is the MOST important thing we are trying to measure • What interferes with our ability to determine the physical cause of the variability??

  17. All Power Points are on my website:http://www.physics.unc.edu/~bpohl Visit office hours or email me if you have questions! bpohl@physics.unc.edu Morehead room 403 Monday (week-after-lab) 3:00pm-5:00pm Tuesday (week-after-lab) 5:00pm – 7:00pm

  18. Evaluations • Please turn in evaluations to Craig • You are evaluating the planetarium portion of the lab. Night labs evaluated separately • Comments are appreciated, Please be constructive • Something I did well • Something that needs improvement

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