1 / 27

Traumatic Stress

Traumatic Stress. Agnė Bružaitė Psbd 8-01. Content. Causes; Traumatic events; Reactions to traumatic events; Acute stress disorder (ASD); Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); Trauma in childhood; How to cope; Treatment. Traumatic events.

troy-walls
Download Presentation

Traumatic Stress

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Traumatic Stress Agnė Bružaitė Psbd8-01

  2. Content • Causes; • Traumatic events; • Reactions to traumatic events; • Acute stress disorder (ASD); • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); • Trauma in childhood; • How to cope; • Treatment.

  3. Traumatic events • Traumatic events are shocking and emotionally overwhelming situations. • These events might involve actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual or other physical assault.

  4. One-time occurrences: Natural disasters; House fire; Violent crime; Airplane accident; Enduring physical, sexual, emotional, or other forms of abuse. Ongoing, repeated: Combat or war; Child abuse; Neglect; Domestic violence; Traumatic events

  5. Reactions to traumatic events • Anxiety; • Shock; • Personal or social disconnection; • Confusion, fear, hopelessness; • Helplessness, sleeplessness, physical pain.

  6. Reactions to traumatic events • Grief, anger; • Aggressiveness; • Mistrustfulness; • Guilt, shame; • Shaken religious faith; • Loss of confidence in self orothers.

  7. Reactions to traumatic events • Loss of memory; • Physical and psychological flashbacks; • Sometimes a smaller hippocampus; • Physical disorders;

  8. Reactions to traumatic events • Nightmares; • Sleep disturbance; • Depression;

  9. Acute stress disorder (ASD) ASD describes experiences of: • Dissociation (e.g., feelings of unreality or disconnection); • Intrusive thoughts and images;

  10. Acute stress disorder (ASD) • Efforts to avoid reminders of the traumatic experiences; • Symptoms persist from two days to four weeks.

  11. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) • When experiences that were mentioned before last more than a month; • Post-traumatic stress disorder was first recognised as 'shell shock' in veterans of the First World War; • Statistics: 7%-8% of people in the United States will likely develop PTSD in their lifetime;

  12. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) • Women are twice as likely as men to develop PTSD; • Pregnant women who have PTSD may influence their children.

  13. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) • A person can recovery within 6 months or the symptoms can last much longer and become a chronic condition; • The symptoms may be worse if the trauma was initiated by another person such as a kidnapping, rape or torture.

  14. Signs of PTSD • People tend to avoid places, people, or other things that remind them of the event (may develop to phobia); • Recurring nightmares;

  15. Signs of PTSD • Chronic physical hyper arousal; • Lack of interest in activities that used to be enjoyed;

  16. Trauma in childhood Person who was traumatized in childhood may suffer: • Revictimization (being harmed again); • Aggression; • Identity disturbance;

  17. Trauma in childhood • Bodily problemswithout detectable physical cause; • Relationship problems.

  18. Helping yourself • Stay connected to natural support systems; • Taking care of basic needs; • Keeping to routines and activities; • Finding ways to assist someone else.

  19. Psychological First Aid • Psychological first aid creates and sustains an environmentof: • Safety; • Calming; • Connectedness to others; • Self-efficacyor empowerment; • Hopefulness.

  20. What you should DO: • Do help people meet basic needs for food and shelter, andobtain emergency medical attention (safety);

  21. What you should DO: • Do listen to people who wish to share their stories andemotions and remember there is no wrong or right wayto feel (calming);

  22. What you should DO: • Do be friendly and compassionate even if people arebeing difficult (calming).

  23. What you should DO: • Do help people contact friends or loved ones(connectedness). • Do give practical suggestions that steer people towardshelping themselves (self-efficacy).

  24. Do not : • Don’t force people to share their stories with you; • Don’t give simple reassurances like “everything willbe ok” or “at least you survived”;

  25. DO not: • Don’t tell people what you think they should be feeling,thinking or doing now or how they should have actedearlier; • Don’t make promises that may not be kept.

  26. Treatment • Interpersonal, relational, and psychodynamic psychotherapies; • Anxiety management, cognitive therapy and exposure therapy; • A combination of psychotherapy and medication;

  27. References • http://www.istss.org/resources/what_is_traumatic_stress.cfm (2009 11 03) • http://www.centerforthestudyoftraumaticstress.org/resources/categorylisting.php (2009 11 03); • PICTURES: • http://www.faqs.org/health/images/uchr_05_img0496.jpg • http://i.ehow.com/images/GlobalPhoto/Articles/4597346/81417-main_Full.jpg • www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/on-line/brain/images • http://www.onlinecounselingblog.com/2009/06/post-traumatic-stress-disorder/ • http://www.scientificamerican.com/media/inline/post-traumatic-stress-trap_1.jpg • http://www.iandodds.co.uk/images/20090301202656_foreign_service_journal_1.jpg • http://www.iandodds.co.uk/images/20090301202656_foreign_service_journal_1.jpg • http://helpingpsychology.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/iStock_000003781332Small.jpg • (All watched at 2009 11 05)

More Related