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Asexual Reproduction

This informative guide explores asexual reproduction, its definition, concerns, and seven types, including mitosis, binary fission, budding, spores, regeneration, vegetative propagation, and cloning. Each type is explained with examples to enhance understanding.

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Asexual Reproduction

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  1. Asexual Reproduction

  2. Definition of Reproduction • The process by which living organisms produce new organisms of their own kind

  3. Two types of Reproduction • Sexual • Asexual

  4. Asexual Reproduction • A single parent produces an identical offspring • Same hereditary information (genes) in the offspring as in the parent • Same traits generation after generation • Process happens quickly and produces large number of offspring

  5. Concerns • Limited genetic variation (they are all the same) makes the organism more susceptible to mass extinction • Rapid growth may be limited by the food, water, space, etc. which may lead to death of organisms

  6. Seven Types of Asexual Reproduction • 1. Mitosis • 2. Binary fission • 3. Budding • 4. Spores • 5. Regeneration • 6. Vegetative propagation • 7. Cloning

  7. Mitosis (#1) • Produces body cells in animals and plants • Process studied in 7th Grade • Cells produce an identical cell with the same function • http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

  8. Binary Fission (#2) • Simplest form • Parent cell divides into two equal parts • Example : bacteria www.DennisKunkel.com

  9. Binary Fission Video

  10. Paramecium • Many swimmers • Oral groove (mouth) • Cilia for propulsion http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/moviegallery/pondscum/protozoa/paramecium/index.html

  11. Budding (#3) • New individual ”grows” off parent organism • New offspring may break off or remain attached • Examples : yeast, hydra, sponges http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/olympusmicd/galleries/moviegallery/pondscum/coelenterata/hydra/index.html

  12. Spores (#4) • Specialized cell similar to a seed • Thick, tough outer covering • Example: fungi

  13. Regeneration (5) • Ability to re-grow lost body parts • Examples : starfish, planarian, earthworms http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/olympusmicd/galleries/darkfield/planaria.html

  14. Vegetative Propagation (#6) • Growing new plants from: roots – sweet potato stems – philodendron leaves– african violet

  15. Grafting • Combining the roots of one plant with the stem of another • Grapes : tough wild roots + seedless (yummy) stems • Roses : tough wild roots + pretty stems • 5 in 1 apple trees : roots of one tree + 5 varieties of • http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/propagation/graftingmovies/index.html

  16. Offspring Cloning Zap with electricity Replace nucleus Remove nucleus Wait 7 Days *7 *6 *5 *4 *3 *2 *1 • Replace with a body cell nucleus of donor • blood, skin, muscle • cell • * Diploid Cell • 46 chromosomes • Host Organism Sex Cell (egg) • Haploid = 1/2 chromosomes of the body cell • Human = 23 chromosomes 9 months *Not genetically like host organism *Exact genetic copy of donor cell Place in the uterus of the host organism

  17. Cloning • Process ensures the new plant/animal is an exact copy of the donor cell http://www.guardian.co.uk/gall/0,8542,627251,00.html

  18. Pictures of Cloned Animals • http://www.guardian.co.uk/gall/0,8542,627251,00.html

  19. Dolly Video

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