1 / 9

22-3 More Carbonyl Compounds

22-3 More Carbonyl Compounds. Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids use the carbonyl functional group, but have a –COOH structure  Carboxylic acids are polar and reactive. Some CAs have 2 or more CA groups…they are called dicarboxylic acids (w/2 CA)

trapp
Download Presentation

22-3 More Carbonyl Compounds

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 22-3 More Carbonyl Compounds Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids use the carbonyl functional group, but have a –COOH structure  Carboxylic acids are polar and reactive. Some CAs have 2 or more CA groups…they are called dicarboxylic acids (w/2 CA) Amino acids are the monomer that make up proteins..(a polymer, or large compound made up of repeating links [monomers] in a chain)

  2. Alanine is a typical amino acid. Amino group Carboxylic acid group

  3. Esters • Esters are derived from carboxylic acids. • Esters have a CA group where the hydrogen has been replaced by a hydrocarbon. • Esters are made from CAs and Alcohols.

  4. ESTERS (cont’d) • Esters are responsible for the aroma and tastes in many fruit. (See p 799 mh text.) • Practice naming esters….

  5. Amides • Amides are CA compounds where the –OH is replaced by nitrogen or amino group. • The amide group looks like this • …or possibly like this

  6. Amides (cont’d) • Urea is an important amide….and end product of the breakdown of protein in mammals. • Ammonia, in the system is converted to non-toxic urea for removal from the bodies. • Because of its high nitrogen content, urea is used as a fertilizer or a supplement in food for animals. • Structure of urea.

  7. Naming Amides • Amides are named, based upon the 2 or 3 carbon chains attached. • Amides (R-CO-NH2) take the suffix "-amide", or "-carboxamide" if the carbon in the amide group cannot be included in the main chain. The prefix form is both "carbamoyl-" and "amido-". • Amides that have additional substituents on the nitrogen are treated similarly to the case of amines: they are ordered alphabetically with the location prefix N: HCON(CH3)2 is  • N,N-dimethylmethanamide.

  8. Naming Amines Revisited

  9. Condensation Reactions • Condensation reactions occur when two smaller molecules combine to form a larger one…like the building of proteins from amino acids. • Water is often a product.

More Related