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Working in Groups : Best Practices

Working in Groups : Best Practices. Jerry Carley MSN, MA, RN, CNE January 2010. Agenda: I. Collaborative Learning II. Stages of Group Development III. Team Roles IV. Learning Styles

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Working in Groups : Best Practices

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  1. Working in Groups : Best Practices Jerry Carley MSN, MA, RN, CNE January 2010

  2. Agenda: I. Collaborative Learning II. Stages of Group Development III. Team Roles IV. Learning Styles V. Putting It All Together Jerry Carley, MSN, MA, RN, CNE Assistant Professor College of Nursing http://www.brazos-nurse.org

  3. Class of 2011 Countdown Clock THE CLOCKIS TICKING… 17 Months 29 Days 12 Hours 38 Minutes 57 56 55 54 53

  4. Notes From Jerry’s Depository of Semi-documented, Anecdotal Phenomena…. Anatomy of a 50 Minute Lecture……. HIGH Level Of Student Interest MED “Death Valley” LOW TIME Beginning of Class End of Class

  5. The Myth of Multi-Tasking • Paying Attention • When we talk about multitasking, we are really talking about attention: the art of paying attention, the ability to shift our attention, and, more broadly, to exercise judgment about what objects are worthy of our attention. • People who have achieved great things often credit for their success a finely honed skill for paying attention. When asked about his particular genius, Isaac Newton responded that if he had made any discoveries, it was “owing more to patient attention than to any other talent.” Rosen, C. (2008). The myth of multitasking. The New Atlantis: A Journal of Technology and Society

  6. http://usnnursing.pbworks.com/

  7. Now that You’re Here…

  8. Nursing History….. & Other Interesting Stuff! • QUESTION: • In what city was • Florence Nightingale • born? Florence, Italy May 12, 1820

  9. Nursing History & Other Interesting Stuff! • STATISTICS • Florence Nightingale was inducted into England’s Royal Academy of Sciences for her pioneering work in what area / discipline?

  10. ~ Defined:“An instructional method in which students work in groups toward a common academic goal.” Why Collaborative Learning? • BENEFITS OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING: • “ Helped Understanding” • “Pooled knowledge & experience” • “Got helpful feedback” • “ Stimulated thinking” • “Got new perspectives” • “More relaxed atmosphere makes problem-solving easy” • “It was fun” • “Greater responsibility for myself and the group” • “Made new friends” Gokhale, A. (1995). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 7(1), 22-30.

  11. Evaluation: a potent venue for promoting learning and developing self and peer assessment skills. USN Policy / Practice Group Work:Rule #1: Get Over Yourself! ADULT EDUCATION Active Learning Constructivism C J E R R Y A R E L Y Assigned to a permanent group Collaborative Evaluation Learning / Lab Activities Projects Clinical

  12. Group Assignments….already!

  13. NURSING HISTORY & Other Interesting Stuff…Which Nurse has held the Highest Position in the American Government? • RICHARD CARMONA • RN • MD • MPH • 17th Surgeon General of the United States of America • 2002 - 2006 “Once a nurse, always a nurse.” Title of Address to NSNA Convention, 2005

  14. Some More Nursing History………….. • In what year (in the United States) did the first registered nurse obtain a PhD degree? 1927 Ford Model T President Calvin Coolidge 1927

  15. Conventional Logic:The Square Peg & The Round Hole: • Defining Your Role In The Group

  16. Testing *Identify Boundaries *Form Dependency Relationships *Define acceptable behaviors “Polite, but untrusting.” Stages of Group Development / Performance • Forming • Storming • Norming • Performing Resistance *Polarization into subgroups *Conflict & Rebellion “Testing Others…” Consensus *Group cohesion develops *Conflict & Resistance are overcome “Valuing other types…” Task Performance: *Roles become flexible & functional *Energies directed toward task Performance “Flexibility & performance through trust.” Tuckman, B. (1965) Tuckman, B.W. & Jensen, M.A.C. (1977) Stages of small group development revisited. Group and Organizational Studies, 2, 419-427

  17. This is not a linear model: It is a model of predictable behavior, which is cyclical in nature forming storming performing norming

  18. Defined: “..a tendency to behave, contribute, and interrelate with others in a certain way.” Team Roles • Knowing & Understanding Your Role and the Roles of Others Will Help You to: • √ Understandyour own identity in terms of team roles • √ Manageyour strengths & weaknesses • √ Learnhow to develop your team roles • √ Projectyourself in the best possible way • √ Workmore effectively in teams

  19. Clusters of behavior have been identified as instrumental in work groups:* SHAPER IMPLEMENTER COMPLETER-FINISHER • Action-Oriented • People Oriented • Cerebral COORDINATOR TEAMWORKER RESOURCE INVESTIGATOR PLANT MONITOR-EVALUATOR SPECIALIST

  20. High-energy; highly motivated; good managers; Usually Aggressive extroverts; thrive under pressure; like to challenge others; biggest concern is “to win.” Action Oriented Roles • The Shaper: • The Implementer: • The Completer-Finisher: Practical; Common-sense; systematic; the backbone of the Team, rather than the leader; They get the job done; consistent behavior; Frequently promoted to higher positions. “Follow-Through”--Attention to detail; frequently introverts; internally motivated; frequently intolerant of Team members who do not appear similarly inclined.

  21. Frequently the group leader; good at recognizing the talents of others; good at delegation; have a generally broad outlook; frequent commands respect; may clash with “shapers” because of different management style People – Oriented Roles • COORDINATOR • TEAMWORKER • RESOURCE INVESTIGATOR The most supportive and popular member Of the team; seen as non-threatening; good for Group cohesion; avoid conflict; can be Indecisive in a crunch Enthusiastic extroverts; communicators & natural negotiators; typically popular; relaxed and friendly; find outside resources; work well with those outside the team

  22. Cerebral Roles INNOVATOR ; INVENTOR; HIGHLY CREATIVE; PROVIDE THE SEEDS & IDEAS FROM WHICH MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS SPRING; VERY INDEPENDENT; FREQUENTLY APART FROM GROUP; FREQUENTLY POOR COMMUNICATORS • Plant • Monitor - Evaluator HIGH CRITICAL-THINKING ABILITY; SERIOUS-MINDED; SLOW TO MAKE DECISIONS; TAKE ALL FACTORS INTO CONSIDERATION; SELDOM WRONG; MAY APPEAR TO BE DRY, BORING, AND HYPER- CRITICAL; FREQUENTLY BECOME MANAGERS / LEADERS

  23. Other Concepts to Ponder… • “ALLOWABLE WEAKNESS” • “Team Mix” • “TEAM-ROLE SACRIFICE” • The wisdom of groups

  24. Find Your Role, and know that you can’t have too many of each type…..

  25. “TEAM CHEMISTRY” Factors that contribute to high performing teams include: 1. Good Communication 2. Courage to confront and resolve conflict 3. The ability to give positive feedback 4. The ability to empathize with team mates 5. Willingness of the individual to put temporarily aside personal goal to achieve group objective BNet Editors. (2007) Assigning team roles. Retrieved August 15, 2008 from http://www.bnet.com/2410-13059_23-64251.html

  26. “Critical Personal Reflection” “Rynwθicayton” • “Above all things: • Know thyself . “ • -Socrates Much of what you achieve, much of what you learn Comes as a result of critical personal reflection

  27. “Documents 18 months of passage through an accelerated BSN Program” http://www.brainscramble.org/

  28. IS THERE ANYTHING FAMILIARABOUT THIS DIAGRAM ? KNOW THYSELF : What is your learning style,and how will this effect the group,and how will the group effect your learning? http://www.learning-styles-online.com/inventory/

  29. Go to http://www.learning-styles-online.com/inventory And assess your learning style Assignment & Follow-Up • Copy, Paste, & Save (PRINT) Your Learning Style Diagram for Further Consideration. • BRING IT TO YOUR FIRST TEAM MEETING! Reflect On How Your Learning Style Will Affect Your Group Work

  30. Learning StylesBuilding Your ‘Learning Style Muscles…’ VISUAL: Images, maps, pictures, colors AURAL: sound & music VERBAL: written & spoken word PHYSICAL: (hate lecture) want to get up, move around, interact LOGICAL: mathematical / models look for connections; might be very interested in Chaos Theory or “The Mathematics of Complexity”….. SOCIAL: interpersonal—prefer learning in groups SOLITARY: intrapersonal—like to learn by themselves

  31. http://www.teamtechnology.co.uk/teamwork/tda-single.html Analyze Your Group….

  32. More Nursing History & Other Interesting Nursing Stuff… • True or False: • Mary Eliza Mahoney was the first African American Professional Nurse, completing her nurses training in 1926. False ! Mary Eliza Mahoney WAS the first African American Professional Nurse But She graduated in 1879 ! Ms Mahoney, RN was one of only 4 graduates, from a class that started with 40 students!

  33. Nursing History & Other Interesting Stuff… • Who was the first man in the United States to become a professional nurse? ? Unsure… Probably, L. Bissell Sanford

  34. Some Tools to Aid Your Team

  35. http://www.gobinder.com/ Some Modern Tools / Organization

  36. Tools to Help With Teamwork “Web 2.0” H 2 O

  37. Group Wiki or Blog~~Individual Wiki or Blog

  38. Blog ~~ Group or Individual….. MORE…

  39. REVIEW / KEY POINTS • Collaborative Learning Increases Your Ability to Learn—particularly in an Accelerated Program • Nursing is a Collaborative Profession • Know Yourself: Assess Your Preferred Learning Style and Critically Reflect How You Can Increase Your Effectiveness in the Group • Teamwork: Must be DEVELOPED—It doe not just happen • As your team is forming, think about what is going on—your role in the group • Analyze your group’s effectiveness (regularly!) • Work with your group advisor.

  40. Gibbs, G. (1994). Learning in teams: A student guide. Oxford Center for Staff Development: Oxford Brookes University. “Once Upon a Time…” A Cautionary Tale *A team of students had four members, named Everybody, Somebody, Anybody, and Nobody. *There was an important job to be done. 1. Everybody was sure that Somebody would do it. 2. Anybodycould have done it, but Nobody did it. 3. Somebody got angry about that because it was Everybody’s job. 4. Everybody thought Anybody could do it but Nobodyrealized that Everybody wouldn’t do it. 5. It ended up that Everybody blamed Somebody when Nobody did what Anybody could have done.

  41. A QUESTION Of IRONY : • What was missing during this presentation / class ?

  42. The Most Important Question:Nursing History & Other Interesting Stuff… • QUESTION: • When will be the first time you will be able to tell someone: “I am a REGISTERED NURSE” ? • Answer: That’s Up to You! • WELCOME…. to The History of Our Profession ! • NOW, you are an integral part of it.

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