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CS 575 Spring 2010 Class Meeting 3

CS 575 Spring 2010 Class Meeting 3. Bapa Rao. Outline. administrative Review of previous week Douglas Engelbart’s demo Student Presentations Agenda for next week. Administrative . Comments / questions. Review of previous meeting. Berners-Lee videos “semantic web” Data, data, data

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CS 575 Spring 2010 Class Meeting 3

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  1. CS 575 Spring 2010Class Meeting 3 Bapa Rao

  2. Outline • administrative • Review of previous week • Douglas Engelbart’s demo • Student Presentations • Agenda for next week

  3. Administrative • Comments / questions

  4. Review of previous meeting • Berners-Lee videos • “semantic web” • Data, data, data • Links between Data • Web R & D as a collective social-scientific process • Web science

  5. More Berners-Lee • Social / human aspect of R&D cycle • Macroscopic human effects • Scientific analysis phase • Emergence or “magic” • Process of web science • Email webgoogleweb 2.0semantic web • Technical aspects of semantic web • Conceptual aspects • Pragmatic aspects • Challenges of web science

  6. Engelbart “mother of all demos”

  7. Engelbart and “augmenting the human intellect”

  8. Engelbart Paper Overview • Capability to obtain better solutions to complex problems • Benefit ‘information workers’ • New conceptual framework • What to augment • Artifacts, language, methodology, training • Whorf’s hypothesis & the weighted pencil expt • Problem-solving process • Structure: bureaucratic to more distributed • Executive capability—choosing from repertoire • What is the impact of augmentation?

  9. Engelbart: Two-domain system • H-LAM/T

  10. Last week’s presentations • Cloud computing—Tam Nguyen • Human interaction in Internet communities—Jerry Chang • HCC and HCM—Ashok Sahu • Artificial Life—Saeid Mousavi

  11. Engelbart (contd) • Capability repertoire hierarchy • Basic capabilities (human and artifact) are the raw materials • Mental structuring (cognitive structures) • Development Models: garden, basketball team, machine building • Concept structuring • Symbol structuring • Process structuring • ‘M’ in H-LAM/T • Physical structuring • A in H-LAM/T • Interdependence among all these structures

  12. Engelbart (contd) • Concept structuring • concepts are tools • concepts have handles--representations • concept structures map to mental structures • some concept structures are better than others • language (natural lang esp) is the grand concept structuring tool

  13. Engelbart (contd) • Symbol structuring • some symbols work better than others • depends on the purpose • need flexibility, translatability • view generation capability (rather than physical linear ordering)

  14. Engelbart (contd) • Interdependence among hierarchies • Cyclic • Regenerative • Improvement in one category feeds improvement in other categories

  15. Augmenting the Human Intellect • 1962 report/proposal to Air Force Ofc. Of Scientific Research • Capability to obtain better solutions to complex problems • New conceptual framework • Not small tricks • Example scenario: an architect’s workday • Design alternatives • Operational environments • Functional specifications • Detailed design • Tools • Synthesis, analysis, verification, debugging

  16. Engelbart (contd) • Who will benefit • Every person who does his thinking with symbolized concepts • Human language, pictographs, formal logic, mathematics, … • Architects, engineers, lawyers, writers, … • ‘information workers’

  17. Engelbart (contd) • Conceptual framework is needed to know • What to augment • artifacts • language • methodology • Training • Goal: problem solving process • Process is what we actually do, and are trying to do more effectively • Structure or organization across the board • Little steps, organized as a process hierarchy • Versus objects? • Process repertoire or toolkit • Basic capabilities (‘hardware’) to higher-level capabilities • Synergy, emergent capabilities, … • Which subprocess to choose? • Executive Capability: planning, selecting, and supervising • Augmentation impact • Suppose you had a better writing tool… • Hardware, software, dictionary, spell checker, fact researcher, … • Pencil to word processor • Benefits? • Break down old process, come up with new process • New capabilities!

  18. Engelbart: Two-domain system • H-LAM/T

  19. Engelbart (contd) • How did humans get ‘augmented’ during our development? • 1. concept manipulation • 2. symbol manipulation • 3. Manual, External, Symbol Manipulation • Whorf’s hypothesis: Language affects our thinking and capabilities • 4. Automated external symbol manipulation (neo-whorfian: technology affects language and capabilities) • Language can also evolve to meet conceptual and task needs (counterargument to whorfian hypothesis)

  20. Engelbart (contd) • Brick-pencil experiment

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