Paper and Card

1. Paper and Card Lesson objective – to be able to identify common papers and boards

2. Common paper is available in many sizes • The ‘A’ are the most common • A4 is twice the size of A5 • A3 is twice the size of A4 and so on • Paper is sometimes specified in weight – 80 grams per metre, 100 grams per metre, 120 grams per metre • Anything above 200 grams is classified as board

3. How is paper made? Task 1- draw up the diagram

4. Boards Task draw a net for a pizza box • There are a whole range of paper based boards such as cardboard, carton board and corrugated board. • Board is thicker, heavier and more ridge than paper, and is made from several layers of pulp

5. How is cardboard made? • Cardboard is made from a process from pulping wood chips into a strong paper • then the paper are transported to a corrugating, or converting, plant. • At the plant, layers of kraft paper are crimped and glued to form cardboard. • For a more detailed description of how cardboard is made you may refer to the website www.madehow.com.

6. Fast-growing pine trees • Provide the primary raw material used to make corrugated cardboard. The largest packaging companies own thousands of acres of land where trees are matured, harvested, and replaced with seedlings. After the trees are harvested, they are stripped of their limbs; only the trunks will be shipped by truck to a pulp mill.

7. Frank Gehry – famous architect designed this first cardboard chair

8. Sustainable paper and cardboardPaper facts • Every year around 3.5 million tonnes of paper and cardboard is used in UK, enough to fill 160,000 large semi trailers. • UK offices consume around 400,000 tonnes of paper each year on average, each office worker throws away around 10,000 A4 sheets every year. • One tonne of virgin office paper requires the equivalent of 24 trees to • produce. • Recycling one tonne of paper and cardboard saves approximately 13 trees. • It is estimated that 600,000 tones of paper and cardboard is currently sent • to land fill in NSW every year. • 17 trees can absorb the carbon dioxide emitted from your car each year, trapping the carbon and releasing the oxygen back into our atmosphere. • Producing paper from recycled paper consumes 60-70% less energy and 55% less water than manufacturing paper from virgin pulp.

9. What can you do?Task write down four of these answers • Use only recycled paper at your home and office. • Recycle all of your paper and cardboard products, it is more environmentally • friendly to produce recycled paper then virgin tree paper. • Always print double sided, you will decrease your paper consumption by • half. • If your current printer does not work with recycled paper or print double • sided, have a policy in place to buy one that does when the current one • needs replacing. • Buy recycled paper envelopes, cards, pens and writing pads. • Create an environmentally friendly paper management policy at your • workplace. • Cut up old one sided used paper and use it as note pads and scribble paper • or even as paper mache for the kids to use. • Another fun activity with your kids is to make your own recycled paper • When choosing a commercial printer consider using a printer that user soy • based inks and recycled paper. Soy based inks are more environmentally • friendly then oil based inks.